ـی
Persian
Etymology 1
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Persian -yk' / 𐭩𐭪𐭩 (-īg) or (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Arabic ـِيّ (-iyy).
Pronunciation
Suffix
ـی • (-i)
- Forms adjectives from nouns.
- Forms surnames.
Usage notes
ـی is the form that follows words ending in consonants. Adjectives ending in the short vowel ـه (-e) will use the form ـگی (-egi) for their derived nouns, while nouns ending in ـه (-e) will usually add the non-joining ای (-i) to form their derived adjectives. Both nouns and adjectives ending in the long vowels ـا (-â) and ـو (-u) will use the form یی (-yi)
As a derivational suffix, ـی and the above-mentioned alternative forms take the stress in a word, as in خورشیدی (xoršidí, “solar”). As the marked indefinite or relative definite suffix, the stress remains on the root of the word, as in خورشیدی (xoršídi, “a sun / the sun which”)
Most Persian surnames end in this suffix.
See also
Etymology 2
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Persian 𐭩𐭧 (-īh).
Pronunciation
Suffix
ـی • (-i)
- Forms abstract nouns from adjectives.
Etymology 3
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Persian 𐭸 (ē(w)), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎡𐎺 (aiva), Proto-Iranian *Háywah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háywas, from Proto-Indo-European *óywos. Compare Ancient Greek οἶος (oîos), and Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬎𐬎𐬀 (aēuua).
Pronunciation
Suffix
Dari | ـی |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | -е |
ـی • (-ê)
Usage notes
The usage is almost completely restricted to marking the indefinite noun of a sentence; in all other instances, the word یک (yek, “one”) is used. Etymologically, both of these words however derive from the same Proto-Indo-European root.
It is attached as a suffix to a noun in a sentence and acts as the indefinite object marker. Most words use the non-joining ای (-i), unless the word ends in the long vowels ـا (-â) and ـو (-u) or a non-joining consonant. For instance, “a house” would be خانهای (xâne-i), “a dog” would be سگای (sag-i), and “houses” would be خانههایی (xâne-ha-yi).
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian lemmas
- Persian suffixes
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian
- Old Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Old Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Old Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European