فرمودن

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (plmwtn', plmʾd- /⁠framūdan, framāy-⁠/, “to order, command”). Compare Old Armenian հրամայեմ (hramayem), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [fæɾmuːˈd̪æn]

Verb

فرمودن • (farmudan) (present stem فرما (farmâ))

1. to order, to command
2. (deferential, formal) to say

   چی فرمودید؟

   či farmudid?

   What did you say?

Synonyms

• (to say): گفتن (goftán)

Related terms

• فرمان (farman)

Further reading

• Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, § 821, page 182
• Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 182