لحد

Arabic

Root
ل ح د (l ḥ d)
2 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /laħd/

Noun

لَحْد • (laḥd) m (plural لُحُود (luḥūd) or أَلْحَاد (ʔalḥād))

1. tombstone
2. grave

   Synonym: قَبْر (qabr)

   • أُطْلُبُوا ٱلْعِلْمَ مِنَ ٱلْمَهْدِ إلَى ٱللَّحْدِ

     ʔuṭlubū l-ʕilma mina l-mahdi ʔilā l-laḥdi

     Seek ye knowledge from the cradle onto the grave.

Declension

Declension of noun لَحْد (laḥd)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	لَحْد laḥd	اللَّحْد al-laḥd	لَحْد laḥd
Nominative	لَحْدٌ laḥdun	اللَّحْدُ al-laḥdu	لَحْدُ laḥdu
Accusative	لَحْدًا laḥdan	اللَّحْدَ al-laḥda	لَحْدَ laḥda
Genitive	لَحْدٍ laḥdin	اللَّحْدِ al-laḥdi	لَحْدِ laḥdi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	لَحْدَيْن laḥdayn	اللَّحْدَيْن al-laḥdayn	لَحْدَيْ laḥday
Nominative	لَحْدَانِ laḥdāni	اللَّحْدَانِ al-laḥdāni	لَحْدَا laḥdā
Accusative	لَحْدَيْنِ laḥdayni	اللَّحْدَيْنِ al-laḥdayni	لَحْدَيْ laḥday
Genitive	لَحْدَيْنِ laḥdayni	اللَّحْدَيْنِ al-laḥdayni	لَحْدَيْ laḥday
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَلْحَاد‎; لُحُود ʔalḥād‎; luḥūd	الْأَلْحَاد‎; اللُّحُود al-ʔalḥād‎; al-luḥūd	أَلْحَاد‎; لُحُود ʔalḥād‎; luḥūd
Nominative	أَلْحَادٌ‎; لُحُودٌ ʔalḥādun‎; luḥūdun	الْأَلْحَادُ‎; اللُّحُودُ al-ʔalḥādu‎; al-luḥūdu	أَلْحَادُ‎; لُحُودُ ʔalḥādu‎; luḥūdu
Accusative	أَلْحَادًا‎; لُحُودًا ʔalḥādan‎; luḥūdan	الْأَلْحَادَ‎; اللُّحُودَ al-ʔalḥāda‎; al-luḥūda	أَلْحَادَ‎; لُحُودَ ʔalḥāda‎; luḥūda
Genitive	أَلْحَادٍ‎; لُحُودٍ ʔalḥādin‎; luḥūdin	الْأَلْحَادِ‎; اللُّحُودِ al-ʔalḥādi‎; al-luḥūdi	أَلْحَادِ‎; لُحُودِ ʔalḥādi‎; luḥūdi

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: لحد (laḥd)

  > Turkish: lahit (inherited)

• → Uyghur: لەھەت (lehet)

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic لَحْد (laḥd).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [lahð], [la.ˈhað]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [läɦd̪], [lä.ɦǽd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [läɦd̪], [lä.ɦǽd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [lɑːd̪], [lɑːǽd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [lɔːd̪̥], [lɔːǽd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [læɦd̪̥], [læ.ɦǽd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [läɦd̪], [lä.ɦǽd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	lahd, lahaḏ
Dari reading?	lahd, lahad
Iranian reading?	lahd, lahad
Tajik reading?	lahd, lahad

Noun

لحد • (lahad)

1. grave

   Synonyms: قبر (qabr), گور (gur)

   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 134”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[1]:

     آه و فریاد که از چشم حسود مه چرخ
     در لحد ماه کمان ابرویِ من منزل کرد

     āh u faryād ki az čašm-i husūd-i mah-i čarx
     dar lahd māh-i kamān abrū-yi man manzil kard

     Woe and alas that the moon of heaven's envious eye
     Has made the grave the dwelling of my bow-browed moon [the beloved with eyebrows curved like bows].

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “لحد”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From لَ (la-, “to”) +‎ حَدّ (ḥadd, “limit”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /la.ħad/, [laˈħad]

• Audio (Jerusalem):

  (file)

Preposition

لحدّ • (la-ḥadd)

1. until, as far as, up to

   Synonyms: لـ (la-), حتى (ḥatta)

Usage notes

• In order to use لحدّ (la-ḥadd) as a conjunction (i.e. introducing a verbal phrase), it must be followed by the particle ما (ma).