نفوذ

See also: نقود

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
ن ف ذ (n f ḏ)
7 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na.fuːð/

Adjective

نَفُوذ • (nafūḏ)

1. penetrating, pervasive
2. infiltrative

Declension

Declension of adjective نَفُوذ (nafūḏ)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	نَفُوذ nafūḏ	النَّفُوذ an-nafūḏ	نَفُوذَة nafūḏa	النَّفُوذَة an-nafūḏa
Nominative	نَفُوذٌ nafūḏun	النَّفُوذُ an-nafūḏu	نَفُوذَةٌ nafūḏatun	النَّفُوذَةُ an-nafūḏatu
Accusative	نَفُوذًا nafūḏan	النَّفُوذَ an-nafūḏa	نَفُوذَةً nafūḏatan	النَّفُوذَةَ an-nafūḏata
Genitive	نَفُوذٍ nafūḏin	النَّفُوذِ an-nafūḏi	نَفُوذَةٍ nafūḏatin	النَّفُوذَةِ an-nafūḏati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	نَفُوذَيْن nafūḏayn	النَّفُوذَيْن an-nafūḏayn	نَفُوذَتَيْن nafūḏatayn	النَّفُوذَتَيْن an-nafūḏatayn
Nominative	نَفُوذَانِ nafūḏāni	النَّفُوذَانِ an-nafūḏāni	نَفُوذَتَانِ nafūḏatāni	النَّفُوذَتَانِ an-nafūḏatāni
Accusative	نَفُوذَيْنِ nafūḏayni	النَّفُوذَيْنِ an-nafūḏayni	نَفُوذَتَيْنِ nafūḏatayni	النَّفُوذَتَيْنِ an-nafūḏatayni
Genitive	نَفُوذَيْنِ nafūḏayni	النَّفُوذَيْنِ an-nafūḏayni	نَفُوذَتَيْنِ nafūḏatayni	النَّفُوذَتَيْنِ an-nafūḏatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	plural unknown		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	? ?	? ?	نَفُوذَات nafūḏāt	النَّفُوذَات an-nafūḏāt
Nominative	? ?	? ?	نَفُوذَاتٌ nafūḏātun	النَّفُوذَاتُ an-nafūḏātu
Accusative	? ?	? ?	نَفُوذَاتٍ nafūḏātin	النَّفُوذَاتِ an-nafūḏāti
Genitive	? ?	? ?	نَفُوذَاتٍ nafūḏātin	النَّفُوذَاتِ an-nafūḏāti

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nu.fuːð/

Noun

نُفُوذ • (nufūḏ) m

1. verbal noun of نَفَذَ (nafaḏa) (form I)
2. penetration
3. influence; power, command, control

Declension

Declension of noun نُفُوذ (nufūḏ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نُفُوذ nufūḏ	النُّفُوذ an-nufūḏ	نُفُوذ nufūḏ
Nominative	نُفُوذٌ nufūḏun	النُّفُوذُ an-nufūḏu	نُفُوذُ nufūḏu
Accusative	نُفُوذًا nufūḏan	النُّفُوذَ an-nufūḏa	نُفُوذَ nufūḏa
Genitive	نُفُوذٍ nufūḏin	النُّفُوذِ an-nufūḏi	نُفُوذِ nufūḏi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: nüfuz
• → Ottoman Turkish: نفوذ
  • Turkish: nüfuz
• → Persian: نفوذ (nofuz)
• → Tajik: нуфуз (nufuz)
• → Uyghur: نوپۇز (nopuz)
• → Uzbek: nufuz

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نُفُوذ (nufūḏ, “penetration; influence”).

Noun

نفوذ • (nüfuz) (definite accusative نفوذی (nüfuzu), plural نفوذلر (nüfuzlar))

1. penetration, the act of penetrating a given situation with the mind or faculties
2. influence, the power to affect, control or manipulate something or someone

Derived terms

• نفوذ ایتمك (nüfuz etmek, “to penetrate”)
• نفوذ بولمق (nüfuz bolmak, “for a command, to be put in execution”)
• نفوذ صاحبی (nüfuz sahibi, “person of influence”)
• نفوذ یوروتمك (nüfuz yürütmek, “to influence”)
• نفوذلو (nüfuzlu, “influential”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: nüfuz

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “nüfuz”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3573
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “nüfûz”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1013
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “نفوذ”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1282
• Mallouf, Nassif (1856) “influence”, in Dictionnaire français-turc, 2nd edition, Paris: Maisonneuve, page 367
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “نفوذ”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, column 5228
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “nüfuz”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “نفوذ”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2094

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نُفُوذ (nufūḏ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [nu.ˈfuːð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [nʊ.fúːz]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [nʊ.fúːz]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [nʊ.fúːz]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [nu.fúz]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [no.fúːz]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [nu.fúz]

Readings
Classical reading?	nufūḏ
Dari reading?	nufūz
Iranian reading?	nofuz
Tajik reading?	nufuz

Noun

نفوذ • (nofuz)

1. infiltration
2. authority, influence, domination

Derived terms

• نفوذ کردن (nofuz kardan)

 

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “نفوذ”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “نفوذ”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press