پادزهر

Persian

Alternative forms

• پازهر (pāzahr), پای‌زهر (pāy-zahr), پاوزهر (pāwzahr)

Etymology

From Middle Persian pʾtzhl (pādzahr, “bezoar, antidote”). Equivalent to پادـ (pâd-, “anti-”) +‎ زهر (zahr, “poison, venom”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /paːd.ˈzahr/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰɑːd̪.záɦɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰɑːd̪.záɦɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [pʰɑːd̪.záɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [pʰɔːd̪.záɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰɒːd̪.zǽɦɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰɔd̪.záɦɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	pādzahr
Dari reading?	pādzahr
Iranian reading?	pâdzahr
Tajik reading?	podzahr

Noun

پادزهر • (pâdzahr) (plural پادزهرها)

1. antidote

   Synonyms: تریاک (teryâk), نوش‌دارو (nušdâru), ضدزهر (zedd-e-zahr)

   اگر در بدن انسان هم سم با دوز خیلی کم وارد شود بدن پادزهر آن را می‌سازد

   If poison enters the body of a human in a very small dose the body will generate its antidote.

   • c. 1599, Baha al-Din al-Amili, “Section 5, Part 2”, in کشکول‎^[1]:

     زهر را با تکیه به پادزهری که داری، منوش.

     zahr râ bâ takye be pâdzahri ke dâri, ma-nuš.

     Don't drink poison relying on the antidote that you have.

2. bezoar

   Synonym: بنداک (bandâk)

Derived terms

• پادزهری (pâdzahri, “antidotal”)

Descendants

• → Arabic: بَازَهْر (bāzahr), بَادِزَهْر (bādizahr), فَادِزَهْر (fādizahr), بَاذِزَهْر (bāḏizahr), فَاذِزَهْر (fāḏizahr), بَازِدَهْر (bāzidahr), فَازِدَهْر (fāzidahr), بَنْزَهِير (banzahīr, “lime”)
  • Andalusian Arabic: بَازَهْر (bāzahr)
    • → Old Spanish: bezahar
      • Spanish: bezaar
  • Hijazi Arabic: بَنْزَهير (banzahēr, “lime”)
  • → French: bézoard
    • → English: bezoar, bezoard (or through Spanish)
      • → Hindustani:

        Hindi: बेज़ार (bezār)

        Urdu: بیزار (bezār)

    • → Italian: bezoar
    • → Norwegian:

      Norwegian Bokmål: besoar

      Norwegian Nynorsk: besoar

    • → Romanian: bezoar
    • → Spanish: bezoar, bezoár
      • → English: bezoar, bezoard (or directly from French)
        • → Hindustani:

          Hindi: बेज़ार (bezār)

          Urdu: بیزار (bezār)

      • → Polish: bezoar
      • → Portuguese: bezoar, benzoar
    • → Swedish: besoar, bezoar
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: पादज़हर (pādzahar), पाज़हर (pāzahar)

  Urdu: پادزہر (pādzahar), پازہر (pāzahar)

• → Ottoman Turkish: پانزهر (panzehir)
  • Turkish: panzehir

See also

• درمان (darmân, “remedy, medicine”)
• دارو (dâru, “medicine, drug”)
• چاره (čâre, “help, remedy”)

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “پادزهر”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press.
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “pādzahr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 63