زهر

See also: زہر

Arabic

Root
ز ه ر (z-h-r)

زَهْر

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /zahr/

Noun

زَهْر • (zahr) m (collective, singulative زَهْرَة f (zahra), plural زُهُور (zuhūr) or أَزْهُر (ʔazhur) or أَزْهَار (ʔazhār) or أَزَاهِير (ʔazāhīr) or أَزَاهِر (ʔazāhir))

1. flowers, blooms, blossoms

   Synonyms: نَوْر (nawr), وَرْد (ward)

   فِي فَصْلِ ٱلرَّبِيعِ تَتَفَتَّحُ ٱلزُّهُورُ.

   fī faṣli r-rabīʕi tatafattaḥu z-zuhūru.

   In spring, flowers bloom.

3. die, dice
4. cast iron

Declension

Declension of noun زَهْر (zahr)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	زَهْر zahr	الزَّهْر az-zahr	زَهْر zahr
Nominative	زَهْرٌ zahrun	الزَّهْرُ az-zahru	زَهْرُ zahru
Accusative	زَهْرًا zahran	الزَّهْرَ az-zahra	زَهْرَ zahra
Genitive	زَهْرٍ zahrin	الزَّهْرِ az-zahri	زَهْرِ zahri
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	زَهْرَة zahra	الزَّهْرَة az-zahra	زَهْرَة zahrat
Nominative	زَهْرَةٌ zahratun	الزَّهْرَةُ az-zahratu	زَهْرَةُ zahratu
Accusative	زَهْرَةً zahratan	الزَّهْرَةَ az-zahrata	زَهْرَةَ zahrata
Genitive	زَهْرَةٍ zahratin	الزَّهْرَةِ az-zahrati	زَهْرَةِ zahrati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	زَهْرَتَيْن zahratayn	الزَّهْرَتَيْن az-zahratayn	زَهْرَتَيْ zahratay
Nominative	زَهْرَتَانِ zahratāni	الزَّهْرَتَانِ az-zahratāni	زَهْرَتَا zahratā
Accusative	زَهْرَتَيْنِ zahratayni	الزَّهْرَتَيْنِ az-zahratayni	زَهْرَتَيْ zahratay
Genitive	زَهْرَتَيْنِ zahratayni	الزَّهْرَتَيْنِ az-zahratayni	زَهْرَتَيْ zahratay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	زَهْرَات zahrāt	الزَّهْرَات az-zahrāt	زَهْرَات zahrāt
Nominative	زَهْرَاتٌ zahrātun	الزَّهْرَاتُ az-zahrātu	زَهْرَاتُ zahrātu
Accusative	زَهْرَاتٍ zahrātin	الزَّهْرَاتِ az-zahrāti	زَهْرَاتِ zahrāti
Genitive	زَهْرَاتٍ zahrātin	الزَّهْرَاتِ az-zahrāti	زَهْرَاتِ zahrāti
Plural of variety	basic broken plural triptote‎; basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	زُهُور‎; أَزْهُر‎; أَزْهَار‎; أَزَاهِير‎; أَزَاهِر zuhūr‎; ʔazhur‎; ʔazhār‎; ʔazāhīr‎; ʔazāhir	الزُّهُور‎; الْأَزْهُر‎; الْأَزْهَار‎; الْأَزَاهِير‎; الْأَزَاهِر az-zuhūr‎; al-ʔazhur‎; al-ʔazhār‎; al-ʔazāhīr‎; al-ʔazāhir	زُهُور‎; أَزْهُر‎; أَزْهَار‎; أَزَاهِير‎; أَزَاهِر zuhūr‎; ʔazhur‎; ʔazhār‎; ʔazāhīr‎; ʔazāhir
Nominative	زُهُورٌ‎; أَزْهُرٌ‎; أَزْهَارٌ‎; أَزَاهِيرُ‎; أَزَاهِرُ zuhūrun‎; ʔazhurun‎; ʔazhārun‎; ʔazāhīru‎; ʔazāhiru	الزُّهُورُ‎; الْأَزْهُرُ‎; الْأَزْهَارُ‎; الْأَزَاهِيرُ‎; الْأَزَاهِرُ az-zuhūru‎; al-ʔazhuru‎; al-ʔazhāru‎; al-ʔazāhīru‎; al-ʔazāhiru	زُهُورُ‎; أَزْهُرُ‎; أَزْهَارُ‎; أَزَاهِيرُ‎; أَزَاهِرُ zuhūru‎; ʔazhuru‎; ʔazhāru‎; ʔazāhīru‎; ʔazāhiru
Accusative	زُهُورًا‎; أَزْهُرًا‎; أَزْهَارًا‎; أَزَاهِيرَ‎; أَزَاهِرَ zuhūran‎; ʔazhuran‎; ʔazhāran‎; ʔazāhīra‎; ʔazāhira	الزُّهُورَ‎; الْأَزْهُرَ‎; الْأَزْهَارَ‎; الْأَزَاهِيرَ‎; الْأَزَاهِرَ az-zuhūra‎; al-ʔazhura‎; al-ʔazhāra‎; al-ʔazāhīra‎; al-ʔazāhira	زُهُورَ‎; أَزْهُرَ‎; أَزْهَارَ‎; أَزَاهِيرَ‎; أَزَاهِرَ zuhūra‎; ʔazhura‎; ʔazhāra‎; ʔazāhīra‎; ʔazāhira
Genitive	زُهُورٍ‎; أَزْهُرٍ‎; أَزْهَارٍ‎; أَزَاهِيرَ‎; أَزَاهِرَ zuhūrin‎; ʔazhurin‎; ʔazhārin‎; ʔazāhīra‎; ʔazāhira	الزُّهُورِ‎; الْأَزْهُرِ‎; الْأَزْهَارِ‎; الْأَزَاهِيرِ‎; الْأَزَاهِرِ az-zuhūri‎; al-ʔazhuri‎; al-ʔazhāri‎; al-ʔazāhīri‎; al-ʔazāhiri	زُهُورِ‎; أَزْهُرِ‎; أَزْهَارِ‎; أَزَاهِيرِ‎; أَزَاهِرِ zuhūri‎; ʔazhuri‎; ʔazhāri‎; ʔazāhīri‎; ʔazāhiri

Derived terms

• زَهْر الثَّالُوث (zahr aṯ-ṯālūṯ)
• زَهْر الرَّبِيع (zahr ar-rabīʕ)
• زَهْر اللُّؤْلُؤ (zahr al-luʔluʔ)
• زَهْر الْعَسَل (zahr al-ʕasal)
• مَاء الزَّهْر (māʔ az-zahr)

 

Descendants

• Maltese: żahar
• → Ottoman Turkish: زار (zâr)
  • Turkish: zar
  • → Albanian: zar
  • → Bulgarian: зар (zar)
  • → Macedonian: зар (zar)
  • → Romanian: zar
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: зар

    Latin script: zar

• → Persian: زار (zâr)
  • → Armenian: զար (zar), զառ (zaṙ)
  • → Azerbaijani: zar
  • → Georgian: ზარი (zari)
  • → Gujarati: ઝાર (jhār)
• ⇒ Arabic: اَلزَّهْر (az-zahr, “the dice”)
  • → Byzantine Greek: αζάριον (azárion), ζάριν (zárin)
    • Greek: ζάρι (zári)
  • → Italian: zara
  • → Old French: hasart
    • French: hasard
    • → English: hazard
  • → Portuguese: azar
  • → Spanish: azar

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /za.ha.ra/

Verb

زَهَرَ • (zahara) I, non-past يَزْهَرُ‎ (yazharu)

1. to shine, to be radiant, to give light

Conjugation

Conjugation of

زَهَرَ

(form-I sound, verbal nouns زُهُور or زَهْر)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						زُهُور or زَهْر zuhūr or zahr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						زَاهِر zāhir
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زَهَرْتُ zahartu	زَهَرْتَ zaharta	زَهَرَ zahara		زَهَرْتُمَا zahartumā	زَهَرَا zaharā		زَهَرْنَا zaharnā	زَهَرْتُمْ zahartum	زَهَرُوا zaharū
	f		زَهَرْتِ zaharti	زَهَرَتْ zaharat			زَهَرَتَا zaharatā			زَهَرْتُنَّ zahartunna	زَهَرْنَ zaharna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَزْهَرُ ʔazharu	تَزْهَرُ tazharu	يَزْهَرُ yazharu		تَزْهَرَانِ tazharāni	يَزْهَرَانِ yazharāni		نَزْهَرُ nazharu	تَزْهَرُونَ tazharūna	يَزْهَرُونَ yazharūna
	f		تَزْهَرِينَ tazharīna	تَزْهَرُ tazharu			تَزْهَرَانِ tazharāni			تَزْهَرْنَ tazharna	يَزْهَرْنَ yazharna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَزْهَرَ ʔazhara	تَزْهَرَ tazhara	يَزْهَرَ yazhara		تَزْهَرَا tazharā	يَزْهَرَا yazharā		نَزْهَرَ nazhara	تَزْهَرُوا tazharū	يَزْهَرُوا yazharū
	f		تَزْهَرِي tazharī	تَزْهَرَ tazhara			تَزْهَرَا tazharā			تَزْهَرْنَ tazharna	يَزْهَرْنَ yazharna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَزْهَرْ ʔazhar	تَزْهَرْ tazhar	يَزْهَرْ yazhar		تَزْهَرَا tazharā	يَزْهَرَا yazharā		نَزْهَرْ nazhar	تَزْهَرُوا tazharū	يَزْهَرُوا yazharū
	f		تَزْهَرِي tazharī	تَزْهَرْ tazhar			تَزْهَرَا tazharā			تَزْهَرْنَ tazharna	يَزْهَرْنَ yazharna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِزْهَرْ izhar			اِزْهَرَا izharā				اِزْهَرُوا izharū
	f		اِزْهَرِي izharī							اِزْهَرْنَ izharna

Khalaj

Noun

زَهر (zə̂r) (definite accusative زَهری, plural زَهرلَر)

1. Arabic spelling of zə̂r (“poison, pain”)

Declension

Declension of زهر

	singular	plural
nominative	زهر	زهرلَر
genitive	زهرۆݧ	زهرلَریݧ
dative	زهرکه	زهرلَرکه
definite accusative	زهرۆ	زهرلَری
locative	زهرچه	زهرلَرچه
ablative	زهرده	زهرلَرده
instrumental	زهرله	زهرلَرله
equative	زهروارا	زهرلَروارا

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic زَهْر (zahr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zhar/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

زهر • (zhar) m

1. luck

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian زهر (zahr, “poison, venom”).

Noun

زهر • (zehr, zehir)

1. poison, venom

   Synonyms: اغو (ağu), اوت (ot), سم (sem)

2. anything very disagreeable
3. grief, anxiety, care
4. anger, rage, chafe

Alternative forms

• զէհր (zehr), զէհիր (zehir) — Armeno-Turkish

Derived terms

• زهرلك (zehirlik, “quality or effect of poison”)
• زهرلنمك (zehirlenmek, “to be poisoned”)
• زهزاب (zehrab, “poisoned water”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: zehir
• → Albanian: zeher
• → Armenian: զեհիր (zehir)
• → Serbo-Croatian: zȅher／зе̏хер

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “zehir”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5447
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “زهر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 651
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Venenum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 1729
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “زهر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, columns 2487–2488
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “zehir”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “زهر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1020

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian zʾhl (zahr, “poison, venom”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [zahɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zäɦɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zäɦɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zɑːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zɔːɾ]

 

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zæɦɹ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zæɦɹ]
  • (Tehrani) IPA^(key): [zæːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zäɦɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	zahr
Dari reading?	zahr
Iranian reading?	zahr
Tajik reading?	zahr

Noun

Dari	زهر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	заҳр

زهر • (zahr) (plural زهرها (zahr-hâ))

1. poison, venom

Derived terms

• جام زهر (jâm-e zahr, literally “poisoned chalice”)
• زهر مار (zahr-e-mâr)
• زهرآلود (zahrâlud)
• زهرآگین (zahrâgin)
• زهرشناس (zahr-šenâs)
• زهرشناسی (zahr-šenâsi)
• ضدزهر (zedd-e-zahr)
• پادزهر (pâdzahr)

 

Descendants

• → Middle Armenian: զահր (zahr)
  • Armenian: զահր (zahr)
• → Azerbaijani: zəhər
• → Bengali: জহর (zohor)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: ज़हर (zahr)

  Urdu: زہر (zahr)

• → Gilaki: زهر (zahr)
• → Kazakh: зәр (zär)
• → Kermanic:

  Abyanehi: [script needed] (zāhr)

• → Khalaj: zə̂r
• → Larestani: زهر (zahr)
• → Sarikoli: [script needed] (zār)
• → Shughni: [script needed] (zār)
• → Ottoman Turkish: زهر (zehr)
  • Gagauz: zihir
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: зе̏хер

    Latin script: zȅher

  • Turkish: zehir
• → Turkmen: zäher
• → Chagatai:
  • → Uyghur: زەھەر (zeher)
  • → Uzbek: zahar
• → Yidgha: [script needed] (zahᵃr)

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “zahr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 97

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ز ه ر
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic زَهْر (zahr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zahr/, [ˈza.h(ɪ)rˤ]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

Noun

زهر • (zahr) m (collective, singulative زهرة f (zahra), plural زهور (zhūr))

1. (uncountable) flowers

   Synonym: ورد (ward)

2. (uncountable) cauliflowers

   Synonym: قرنبيط (ʔarnabīṭ)

Noun

زهر • (zahr) m (plural زهور (zhūr))

1. dice

Adjective

زهر • (zahr) (invariable)

1. Alternative form of زهري (zahri, “pink”)