hazard

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English[edit]

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Etymology[edit]

From Old French hasart ‎(“a game of dice”) (noun), hasarder (verb), probably from Arabic اَلزَّهْر ‎(az-zahr, “the dice”). Compare Spanish, Portuguese azar.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

hazard ‎(countable and uncountable, plural hazards)

  1. (historical) A type of game played with dice. [from 14th c.]
  2. Chance. [from 16th c.]
    • c. 1597, William Shakespeare, Richard III, act 5, scene 4:
      I will stand the hazard of the die.
    • 2006 May 20, John Patterson, The Guardian:
      I see animated movies are now managing, by hazard or design, to reflect our contemporary reality more accurately than live-action movies.
  3. The chance of suffering harm; danger, peril, risk of loss. [from 16th c.]
    He encountered the enemy at the hazard of his reputation and life.
    • (Can we date this quote?) Rogers
      Men are led on from one stage of life to another in a condition of the utmost hazard.
    • 1599, Wm. Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Julius Caesar:
      Why, now, blow wind, swell billow, and swim bark! The storm is up and all is on the hazard.
    • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling
      He then launched forth into a panegyric on Allworthy's goodness; into the highest encomiums on his friendship; and concluded by saying, he should never forgive his brother for having put the place which he bore in that friendship to a hazard.
    • 2006, Edwin Black, chapter 1, in Internal Combustion[1]:
      If successful, Edison and Ford—in 1914—would move society away from the ever more expensive and then universally known killing hazards of gasoline cars:  […] .
    • 2009 December 27, Barbara Ellen, The Guardian:
      Quite apart from the gruesome road hazards, snow is awful even when you don't have to travel.
  4. An obstacle or other feature which causes risk or danger; originally in sports, and now applied more generally. [from 19th c.]
    The video game involves guiding a character on a skateboard past all kinds of hazards.
  5. (golf) A sand or water obstacle on a golf course.
  6. (billiards) The act of potting a ball, whether the object ball (winning hazard) or the player's ball (losing hazard).
  7. (obsolete) Anything that is hazarded or risked, such as a stake in gambling.
    • c.1600?, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice
      But if you please
      To shoot another arrow that self way
      Which you did shoot the first, I do not doubt,
      As I will watch the aim, or to find both
      Or bring your latter hazard back again
      And thankfully rest debtor for the first.
Derived terms[edit]
Terms derived from hazard (noun)

Translations[edit]

chance — see chance

Verb[edit]

hazard ‎(third-person singular simple present hazards, present participle hazarding, simple past and past participle hazarded)

  1. To expose to chance; to take a risk.
    • (Can we date this quote?) John Clarke
      Men hazard nothing by a course of evangelical obedience.
    • (Can we date this quote?) Fuller
      He hazards his neck to the halter.
  2. To risk (something); to venture, to incur, or bring on.
    • (Can we date this quote?) Shakespeare
      I hazarded the loss of whom I loved.
    • (Can we date this quote?) Landor
      They hazard to cut their feet.
    I'll hazard a guess.
Translations[edit]

Czech[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowing from German [Term?], from Old French hasart.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

hazard m

  1. gambling
  2. risk, gamble

Declension[edit]

Declension of hazard
singular plural
nominative hazard hazardy
genitive hazardu hazardů
dative hazardu hazardům
accusative hazard hazardy
vocative hazarde hazardy
locative hazardu hazardech
instrumental hazardem hazardy

References[edit]

  1. ^ hazard in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007

French[edit]

Noun[edit]

hazard m ‎(plural hazards)

  1. Archaic spelling of hasard, chiefly used before 1800

Italian[edit]

Noun[edit]

hazard m ‎(invariable)

  1. hazard lights (on a vehicle)

Middle French[edit]

Noun[edit]

hazard m (plural hazards)

  1. hazard; obstacle

Descendants[edit]

Polish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

hazard m inan

  1. (singular only) gambling
  2. (electronics) race condition

Declension[edit]

declension of hazard
singular plural
nominative hazard hazardy
genitive hazardu hazardów
dative hazardowi hazardom
accusative hazard hazardy
instrumental hazardem hazardami
locative hazardzie hazardach
vocative hazardzie hazardy

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /xǎzard/
  • Hyphenation: ha‧zard

Noun[edit]

hàzard m ‎(Cyrillic spelling ха̀зард)

  1. gamble, gambling
  2. risk, hazard

Declension[edit]

Declension of hazard
singular plural
nominative hazard hazardi
genitive hazarda hazarda
dative hazardu hazardima
accusative hazard hazarde
vocative hazarde hazardi
locative hazardu hazardima
instrumental hazardom hazardima
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