आम्र

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• আম্ৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬆᬫ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
• আম্র (Bengali script)
• 𑰁𑰦𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀆𑀫𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• အာမြ (Burmese script)
• આમ્ર (Gujarati script)
• ਆਮ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌆𑌮𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦴꦩꦿ (Javanese script)
• 𑂄𑂧𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಆಮ್ರ (Kannada script)
• អាម្រ (Khmer script)
• ອາມ຺ຣ (Lao script)
• ആമ്ര (Malayalam script)
• ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠮᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘁𑘦𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢗᠮᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦡𑧆𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐁𑐩𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
• ଆମ୍ର (Odia script)
• ꢃꢪ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆄𑆩𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖁𑖦𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
• ආම්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩛𑩴 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚁𑚢𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
• ஆம்ர (Tamil script)
• ఆమ్ర (Telugu script)
• อามฺร (Thai script)
• ཨཱ་མྲ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒂𑒧𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨊𑨢𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂h₃m-ro- (“sour”), along with अम्ल (amla, “sour”); compare Proto-Germanic *ampraz (“sour”), Latin amārus (“bitter, sharp tasting”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɑːm.ɾɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɑːm.ɾɐ/

Noun

आम्र • (āmrá) stem, m

1. the mango fruit
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa
2. the mango tree, Mangifera indica

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of आम्र (āmrá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	आम्रः āmráḥ	आम्रौ / आम्रा¹ āmraú / āmrā́¹	आम्राः / आम्रासः¹ āmrā́ḥ / āmrā́saḥ¹
Vocative	आम्र ā́mra	आम्रौ / आम्रा¹ ā́mrau / ā́mrā¹	आम्राः / आम्रासः¹ ā́mrāḥ / ā́mrāsaḥ¹
Accusative	आम्रम् āmrám	आम्रौ / आम्रा¹ āmraú / āmrā́¹	आम्रान् āmrā́n
Instrumental	आम्रेण āmréṇa	आम्राभ्याम् āmrā́bhyām	आम्रैः / आम्रेभिः¹ āmraíḥ / āmrébhiḥ¹
Dative	आम्राय āmrā́ya	आम्राभ्याम् āmrā́bhyām	आम्रेभ्यः āmrébhyaḥ
Ablative	आम्रात् āmrā́t	आम्राभ्याम् āmrā́bhyām	आम्रेभ्यः āmrébhyaḥ
Genitive	आम्रस्य āmrásya	आम्रयोः āmráyoḥ	आम्राणाम् āmrā́ṇām
Locative	आम्रे āmré	आम्रयोः āmráyoḥ	आम्रेषु āmréṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba)
  • Magadhi Prakrit:
    • Assamese: আম (am)
    • Bengali: আম (am)
    • Bhojpuri:

      Devanagari script: आम (ām)

      Kaithi script: 𑂄𑂧 (ām)

    • Chakma: 𑄃𑄟𑄴 (ām)
    • Odia: ଆମ୍ବ (ambô)
    • Rohingya:

      Hanifi Rohingya script: 𐴀𐴝𐴔𐴧 (amm)

      Latin script: amm

    • Sylheti: ꠀꠝ (am)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba)
    • Old Marathi:

      Devanagari script: आंब (āṃba)

      Modi script: 𑘁𑘽𑘤 (āṃba)

  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba)
    • Dogri:

      Devanagari script: अम्ब (amb)

      Dogra script: 𑠀𑠢𑠹𑠠 (amb)

    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: आम (ām)

      Urdu: آم (ām)

    • Kachchi: આમુ (āmu)
    • Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi script: ਅੰਬ (amba)

      Shahmukhi script: اَمْب (amb)

    • Rajasthani: आंब
    • Saurashtra: ꢂꢀꢨꣁ (aṃbo)
    • Sindhi:

      Arabic script: اَنبُ

      Devanagari script: अंबु

• ⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀅𑀁𑀩-𑀓 (*aṃba-ka)
  • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀕 (aṃbaga)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀅 (aṃbaa)
    • Konkani:

      Devanagari script: आम्बो (āmbô)

      Kannada script: ಆಂಬೊ (āmbô)

      Latin script: ambo

    • Old Marathi:

      Devanagari script: आंबा (āṃbā)

      Modi script: 𑘁𑘽𑘤𑘰 (āṃbā)

      • Marathi: आंबा (āmbā)
        • → Iraqi Arabic: عَمْبَة (ʿamba)
          • → Israeli Hebrew: עַמְבָּה (ʿámbā)
            • → English: amba
    • → Arabic: عَنْبَة (ʕanba), عَنْبَا (ʕanbā)
      • → Middle Armenian: անապ (anap), անպ (anp)
      • → Somali: cámbe
    • → Middle Persian: *anbag
      • Persian: انبه (anbe)
      • Baluchi: ہمب (humb)
      • → Arabic: أَنْبَج (ʔanbaj)
        • → Middle Armenian: ամպաճ (ampač), անպաճ (anpač), անապաճ (anapač)
• Khasa Prakrit:
  • → Nepali: आँप (ā̃p)
• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri:

    Arabic script: اَمب (amb)

    Devanagari script: अंब (aṃb)

• Dhivehi: އަނބު (aᵐbu)
• Pali: amba
• → Swahili: embe (an early borrowing from an Indo-Iranian language)
• → Tocharian B: āmpär

References

• “आम्र॑” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 65, column 1.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “आम्र”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 041
• Monier Williams (1899) “आम्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 147/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 171