गिरि

See also: गरि, गिरी, गोरा, गोर, गोरी, गुरू, गुरु, and गौर

Awadhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit गिरि (giri).

Noun

गिरि (giri)

1. mountain, hill
   • तुलसीदास (Tulsīdās), संकटमोचन हनुमानाष्टक (Sankatmochan Hanumanashtak) :

     बालि की त्रास कपीस बसै गिरि

     bāli kī trās kapīs basai giri

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• giri (Latin script)
• 𑀕𑀺𑀭𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• গিরি (Bengali script)
• ගිරි (Sinhalese script)
• ဂိရိ or ၷိရိ (Burmese script)
• คิริ (Thai script)
• ᨣᩥᩁᩥ (Tai Tham script)
• ຄິຣິ (Lao script)
• គិរិ (Khmer script)
• 𑄉𑄨𑄢𑄨 (Chakma script)

Noun

गिरि m

1. Devanagari script form of giri (“mountain”)

Declension

Declension table of "गिरि" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	गिरि (giri)	गिरयो (girayo) or गिरी (girī)
Accusative (second)	गिरिं (giriṃ)	गिरयो (girayo) or गिरी (girī)
Instrumental (third)	गिरिना (girinā)	गिरीहि (girīhi) or गिरीभि (girībhi)
Dative (fourth)	गिरिस्स (girissa) or गिरिनो (girino)	गिरीनं (girīnaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	गिरिस्मा (girismā) or गिरिम्हा (girimhā)	गिरीहि (girīhi) or गिरीभि (girībhi)
Genitive (sixth)	गिरिस्स (girissa) or गिरिनो (girino)	गिरीनं (girīnaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	गिरिस्मिं (girismiṃ) or गिरिम्हि (girimhi)	गिरीसु (girīsu)
Vocative (calling)	गिरि (giri)	गिरयो (girayo) or गिरी (girī)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• गिरी (girī)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গিৰি (Assamese script)
• ᬕᬶᬭᬶ (Balinese script)
• গিরি (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰰𑰨𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑀺𑀭𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ဂိရိ (Burmese script)
• ગિરિ (Gujarati script)
• ਗਿਰਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑌿𑌰𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦶꦫꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂱𑂩𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಗಿರಿ (Kannada script)
• គិរិ (Khmer script)
• ຄິຣິ (Lao script)
• ഗിരി (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᡳᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘱𑘨𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠢᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑧒𑧈𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑐶𑐬𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଗିରି (Odia script)
• ꢔꢶꢬꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆴𑆫𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖰𑖨𑖰 (Siddham script)
• ගිරි (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩑𑩼𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚮𑚤𑚮 (Takri script)
• கி³ரி (Tamil script)
• గిరి (Telugu script)
• คิริ (Thai script)
• གི་རི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒱𑒩𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨁𑨫𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Híš (“mountain”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥H-í-s (“elevation”), from *gʷerH- (“to elevate”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (gaⁱri, “mountain”), Pashto غر (ǧar), Old Church Slavonic гора (gora, “mountain”), Ancient Greek Βορέας (Boréas), Albanian gur.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡi.ɾí/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡi.ɾi/

Noun

गिरि • (girí) stem, m

1. mountain, hill, rock, elevation, rising-ground
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.24.8:

     न वी॒ळवे॒ नम॑ते॒ न स्थि॒राय॒ न शर्ध॑ते॒ दस्यु॑जूताय स्त॒वान् ।
     अज्रा॒ इन्द्र॑स्य गि॒रय॑श्चिदृ॒ष्वा ग॑म्भी॒रे चि॑द्भवति गा॒धम॑स्मै ॥

     ná vīḷáve námate ná sthirā́ya ná śárdhate dásyujūtāya stavā́n .
     ájrā índrasya giráyaścidṛṣvā́ gambhīré cidbhavati gādhámasmai .

     Glorified by us, he bows not down to the robust, nor to the resolute, nor to the person vering, who is instrumental gated by the Dasyus; the lofty mountains are easy of access o Indra; to him there is a bottom in the deep.

Declension

Masculine i-stem declension of गिरि (girí)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गिरिः giríḥ	गिरी girī́	गिरयः giráyaḥ
Vocative	गिरे gíre	गिरी gírī	गिरयः gírayaḥ
Accusative	गिरिम् girím	गिरी girī́	गिरीन् girī́n
Instrumental	गिरिणा / गिर्या¹ giríṇā / giryā́¹	गिरिभ्याम् giríbhyām	गिरिभिः giríbhiḥ
Dative	गिरये giráye	गिरिभ्याम् giríbhyām	गिरिभ्यः giríbhyaḥ
Ablative	गिरेः / गिर्यः¹ giréḥ / giryáḥ¹	गिरिभ्याम् giríbhyām	गिरिभ्यः giríbhyaḥ
Genitive	गिरेः / गिर्यः¹ giréḥ / giryáḥ¹	गिर्योः giryóḥ	गिरीणाम् girīṇā́m
Locative	गिरौ / गिरा¹ giraú / girā́¹	गिर्योः giryóḥ	गिरिषु giríṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Khowar: گری (grī)
  • Shina: گر (giri)
    • → Domaaki: گیر (gīri)
• Pali: giri
• Prakrit: 𑀕𑀺𑀭𑀺 (giri)
  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: ގާ (gā)
      • Sinhalese: ගිරි (giri), ගිර (gira), ගල (gala)
    • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀺𑀭𑀺 (giri)
• → Awadhi: गिरि (giri)
• → Old Javanese: giri
• →Tatsama:

  • Kannada: ಗಿರಿ (giri)
  • Malay: giri
  • Telugu: గిరి (giri)
  • Thai: คิริ (kí-rí)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “गिरि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 355.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “giri”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 223