गौर
Appearance
Hindi
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /ɡɔːɾ/
Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit गौर (gaura).
Adjective
[edit]गौर • (gaur) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling گور)
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Sanskrit गौरी (gaurī).
Proper noun
[edit]गौर • (gaur) f (Urdu spelling گور)
Declension
[edit]| singular | |
|---|---|
| direct | गौर gaur |
| oblique | गौर gaur |
| vocative | गौर gaur |
Synonyms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]From Arabic غَوْر (ḡawr, “bottom, depth, (fig.) deepness in thought”).
Noun
[edit]गौर • (gaur) m (Urdu spelling غور)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | गौर gaur |
गौर gaur |
| oblique | गौर gaur |
गौरों gaurõ |
| vocative | गौर gaur |
गौरो gauro |
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- গৌৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬕᭁᬭ (Balinese script)
- গৌর (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰻𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑁅𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- ဂေါ်ရ (Burmese script)
- ગૌર (Gujarati script)
- ਗੌਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌗𑍌𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦒꦻꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
- 𑂏𑂸𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ಗೌರ (Kannada script)
- គៅរ (Khmer script)
- ເຄົາຣ (Lao script)
- ഗൗര (Malayalam script)
- ᡤᠣᠣᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘐𑘼𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠣᠧᠸᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦰𑧝𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑑁𑐬 (Newa script)
- ଗୌର (Odia script)
- ꢔꣃꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆿𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖻𑖨 (Siddham script)
- ගෞර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩞𑩘𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚌𑚵𑚤 (Takri script)
- கெ³ௗர (Tamil script)
- గౌర (Telugu script)
- เคาร (Thai script)
- གཽ་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒾𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨍𑨈𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Probably related to गो (gó, “cow”). The original sense would be "gaur (animal)", whence the other senses including "pale yellow-reddish > brilliant".[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]गौ॒र • (gaurá) stem
- (in comp. or ifc. g. कडारादि) white, yellowish, reddish, pale red
- shining, brilliant, clean, beautiful
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गौ॒रः (gauráḥ) | गौ॒रौ (gauráu) गौ॒रा¹ (gaurā́¹) |
गौ॒राः (gaurā́ḥ) गौ॒रासः॑¹ (gaurā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | गौ॒रम् (gaurám) | गौ॒रौ (gauráu) गौ॒रा¹ (gaurā́¹) |
गौ॒रान् (gaurā́n) |
| instrumental | गौ॒रेण॑ (gauréṇa) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रैः (gauráiḥ) गौ॒रेभिः॑¹ (gaurébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | गौ॒राय॑ (gaurā́ya) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रेभ्यः॑ (gaurébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गौ॒रात् (gaurā́t) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रेभ्यः॑ (gaurébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गौ॒रस्य॑ (gaurásya) | गौ॒रयोः॑ (gauráyoḥ) | गौ॒राणा॑म् (gaurā́ṇām) |
| locative | गौ॒रे (gauré) | गौ॒रयोः॑ (gauráyoḥ) | गौ॒रेषु॑ (gauréṣu) |
| vocative | गौर॑ (gáura) | गौरौ॑ (gáurau) गौरा॑¹ (gáurā¹) |
गौराः॑ (gáurāḥ) गौरा॑सः¹ (gáurāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गौ॒री (gaurī́) | गौ॒र्यौ॑ (gauryàu) गौ॒री¹ (gaurī́¹) |
गौ॒र्यः॑ (gauryàḥ) गौ॒रीः¹ (gaurī́ḥ¹) |
| accusative | गौ॒रीम् (gaurī́m) | गौ॒र्यौ॑ (gauryàu) गौ॒री¹ (gaurī́¹) |
गौ॒रीः (gaurī́ḥ) |
| instrumental | गौ॒र्या (gauryā́) | गौ॒रीभ्या॑म् (gaurī́bhyām) | गौ॒रीभिः॑ (gaurī́bhiḥ) |
| dative | गौ॒र्यै (gauryái) | गौ॒रीभ्या॑म् (gaurī́bhyām) | गौ॒रीभ्यः॑ (gaurī́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गौ॒र्याः (gauryā́ḥ) गौ॒र्यै² (gauryái²) |
गौ॒रीभ्या॑म् (gaurī́bhyām) | गौ॒रीभ्यः॑ (gaurī́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गौ॒र्याः (gauryā́ḥ) गौ॒र्यै² (gauryái²) |
गौ॒र्योः (gauryóḥ) | गौ॒रीणा॑म् (gaurī́ṇām) |
| locative | गौ॒र्याम् (gauryā́m) | गौ॒र्योः (gauryóḥ) | गौ॒रीषु॑ (gaurī́ṣu) |
| vocative | गौरि॑ (gáuri) | गौर्यौ॑ (gáuryau) गौरी॑¹ (gáurī¹) |
गौर्यः॑ (gáuryaḥ) गौरीः॑¹ (gáurīḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गौ॒रम् (gaurám) | गौ॒रे (gauré) | गौ॒राणि॑ (gaurā́ṇi) गौ॒रा¹ (gaurā́¹) |
| accusative | गौ॒रम् (gaurám) | गौ॒रे (gauré) | गौ॒राणि॑ (gaurā́ṇi) गौ॒रा¹ (gaurā́¹) |
| instrumental | गौ॒रेण॑ (gauréṇa) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रैः (gauráiḥ) गौ॒रेभिः॑¹ (gaurébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | गौ॒राय॑ (gaurā́ya) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रेभ्यः॑ (gaurébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गौ॒रात् (gaurā́t) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रेभ्यः॑ (gaurébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गौ॒रस्य॑ (gaurásya) | गौ॒रयोः॑ (gauráyoḥ) | गौ॒राणा॑म् (gaurā́ṇām) |
| locative | गौ॒रे (gauré) | गौ॒रयोः॑ (gauráyoḥ) | गौ॒रेषु॑ (gauréṣu) |
| vocative | गौर॑ (gáura) | गौरे॑ (gáure) | गौरा॑णि (gáurāṇi) गौरा॑¹ (gáurā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
[edit]गौ॒र • (gaurá) stem, m
- white, yellowish (the colour)
- gaur, a kind of buffalo (Bos gaurus, often classed with the गवय)
- white mustard (the seed of which is used as a weight, = 3 राज-सर्षपs)
- Grislea tomentosa (धव) L.
- a species of rice
- the moon
- (astronomy) the planet Jupiter
- name of the नाग शेष
- name of चैतन्य (compare -चन्द्र)
- name of a योग teacher (son of शुक and पीवरी)
- (in the plural) name of a family (compare °रात्रेय)
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गौ॒रः (gauráḥ) | गौ॒रौ (gauráu) गौ॒रा¹ (gaurā́¹) |
गौ॒राः (gaurā́ḥ) गौ॒रासः॑¹ (gaurā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | गौ॒रम् (gaurám) | गौ॒रौ (gauráu) गौ॒रा¹ (gaurā́¹) |
गौ॒रान् (gaurā́n) |
| instrumental | गौ॒रेण॑ (gauréṇa) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रैः (gauráiḥ) गौ॒रेभिः॑¹ (gaurébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | गौ॒राय॑ (gaurā́ya) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रेभ्यः॑ (gaurébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गौ॒रात् (gaurā́t) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रेभ्यः॑ (gaurébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गौ॒रस्य॑ (gaurásya) | गौ॒रयोः॑ (gauráyoḥ) | गौ॒राणा॑म् (gaurā́ṇām) |
| locative | गौ॒रे (gauré) | गौ॒रयोः॑ (gauráyoḥ) | गौ॒रेषु॑ (gauréṣu) |
| vocative | गौर॑ (gáura) | गौरौ॑ (gáurau) गौरा॑¹ (gáurā¹) |
गौराः॑ (gáurāḥ) गौरा॑सः¹ (gáurāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
[edit]गौ॒र • (gaurá) stem, n
- white mustard
- name of a potherb
- saffron (compare कनक-)
- the filament of a lotus
- gold
- orpiment
- = गौरिका
- the earth
- red chalk
- a yellow pigment or dye (गो-रोचना, ‘orpiment’)
- turmeric (रजनी)
- name of several other plants (प्रियंगु, मञ्जिष्ठा, श्वेत-दूर्वा, मल्लिका, तुलसी, सुवर्ण-कदली, आकाश-मांसी)
- name of several metres (one of 4×12 syllables; another of 4×13 syllables; another of 4×26 long syllables)
- (music) a kind of measure
- name of a रागिणी
- (Hinduism) ‘brilliant Goddess’, शिव's wife पार्वती
- name of वरुण's wife
- name of a विद्या-देवी
- name of शाक्य-मुनि's mother
- name of the wife of वि-रजस् and mother of सु-धामन्
- name of several other women
- name of several rivers (one originally the wife of प्रसेन-जित् or युवनाश्व, changed by his curse into the river बाहु-दा.); ([compare Lat. gilvus?])
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गौ॒रम् (gaurám) | गौ॒रे (gauré) | गौ॒राणि॑ (gaurā́ṇi) गौ॒रा¹ (gaurā́¹) |
| accusative | गौ॒रम् (gaurám) | गौ॒रे (gauré) | गौ॒राणि॑ (gaurā́ṇi) गौ॒रा¹ (gaurā́¹) |
| instrumental | गौ॒रेण॑ (gauréṇa) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रैः (gauráiḥ) गौ॒रेभिः॑¹ (gaurébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | गौ॒राय॑ (gaurā́ya) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रेभ्यः॑ (gaurébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गौ॒रात् (gaurā́t) | गौ॒राभ्या॑म् (gaurā́bhyām) | गौ॒रेभ्यः॑ (gaurébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गौ॒रस्य॑ (gaurásya) | गौ॒रयोः॑ (gauráyoḥ) | गौ॒राणा॑म् (gaurā́ṇām) |
| locative | गौ॒रे (gauré) | गौ॒रयोः॑ (gauráyoḥ) | गौ॒रेषु॑ (gauréṣu) |
| vocative | गौर॑ (gáura) | गौरे॑ (gáure) | गौरा॑णि (gáurāṇi) गौरा॑¹ (gáurā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
[edit]See also
[edit]| श्वेत (śvetá), शुक्ल (śuklá), शुभ्र (śubhrá), धवल (dhavalá), गौर (gaurá) | धूमल (dhūmala), धूसर (dhūsara), पलित (palitá), मलिन (malina), रजत (rajata), कपोतक (kapotaká) | कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa), काल (kāla), श्याम (śyāma), श्याव (śyāva), कज्जल (kajjala) |
| रक्त (rakta), रुधिर (rudhira), सिन्दूर (sindūra), अरुष (aruṣa), ताम्र (tāmra); रोहित (rohita), लोहित (lohita) | नारङ्ग (nāraṅga), कमल (kamala); कद्रु (kadru), बभ्रु (babhru), कपिश (kapiśa) | पीत (pīta), कषाय (kaṣāya), पिङ्गल (piṅgala); पाण्डु (pāṇḍu), हिरण्य (hiraṇya), |
| शादहरित (śā́daharita) | हरित (harita), पलाश (palāśa), शाद्वल (śādvala), मारकत (mārakata) | नील (nī́la) |
| कपोतक (kapotaká) | आकाशवर्ण (ākāśavarṇa) , राजावर्त (rājāvarta), वैडूर्य (vaiḍūrya) | नील (nī́la), मेचक (mecaka), कालक (kālaka) |
| धूम्र (dhūmra); तुत्थ (tuttha) | शोण (śóṇa), नीललोहित (nīlalohita) | पाटल (pāṭala), अरुण (aruṇa), ब्रध्न (bradhna) |
References
[edit]- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “gaurá-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 503
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “गौर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 369, column 3.
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