धैर्य

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit धैर्य (dhairya).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /d̪ʱɛːɾ.jᵊ/

Noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) m (Urdu spelling دَھیرْیَہ‎)

1. (formal) patience, calmness

   धैर्य रखना ― dhairy rakhnā ― to be patient

Declension

Declension of धैर्य (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	धैर्य dhairya	धैर्य dhairya
oblique	धैर्य dhairya	धैर्यों dhairyõ
vocative	धैर्य dhairya	धैर्यो dhairyo

Synonyms

• धीरज (dhīraj)
• सब्र (sabr)

Proper noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) m

1. a male given name, Dhairya, from Sanskrit

Further reading

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “धैर्य”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “धैर्य”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• Platts, John T. (1884), “धैर्य”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit धैर्य (dhairya).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪ʱəiɾ.jə/

Noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) n

1. (formal) patience, calmness

   Synonym: धाडस (dhāḍas) (more common)

Declension

Declension of धैर्य (dhairya)
direct singular	धैर्य dhairya
direct plural	धैर्ये, धैर्यं dhairye, dhairya
	singular		plural
nominative	धैर्य dhairya		धैर्ये, धैर्यं dhairye, dhairya
oblique	धैर्या- dhairyā-		धैर्यां- dhairyāN-
dative	धैर्याला dhairyālā		धैर्यांना dhairyāNnā
ergative	धैर्याने dhairyāne		धैर्यांनी dhairyāNni
instrumental	धैर्याशी dhairyāśi		धैर्यांशी dhairyāNśi
locative	धैर्यात dhairyāt		धैर्यांत dhairyāNt
vocative	धैर्या dhairyā		धैर्यांनो dhairyāNno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of धैर्य
	masculine object		feminine object		neuter object		oblique
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular*	plural
singular subject	धैर्याचा dhairyāċā	धैर्याचे dhairyāce	धैर्याची dhairyāci	धैर्याच्या dhairyāca	धैर्याचे, धैर्याचं dhairyāce, dhairyāċa	धैर्याची dhairyāci	धैर्याच्या dhairyāca
plural subject	धैर्यांचा dhairyāNċā	धैर्यांचे dhairyāNce	धैर्यांची dhairyāNci	धैर्यांच्या dhairyāNca	धैर्यांचे, धैर्यांचं dhairyāNce, dhairyāNċa	धैर्यांची dhairyāNci	धैर्यांच्या dhairyāNca
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• धैर्यशील (dhairyaśīl, “Dhairyashīl, a male given name”)

 

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “धैर्य”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ᬥᬿᬃᬬ (Balinese script)
• ধৈৰ্য (Assamese script)
• ধৈর্য (Bengali script)
• 𑰠𑰹𑰨𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀥𑁃𑀭𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌧𑍈𑌰𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
• ધૈર્ય (Gujarati script)
• ਧੈਰੑਯ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦣꦻꦫꦾ (Javanese script)
• ធៃយ៌ (Khmer script)
• ಧೈರ್ಯ (Kannada script)
• ໄຘຣ຺ຍ (Lao script)
• ധൈര്യ (Malayalam script)
• 𑘠𑘺𑘨𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
• ᢑᠾᠧᠧᠷᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• ᢡᠠᡳᡵᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
• ဓဲရျ (Burmese script)
• 𑧀𑧛𑧈𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐢𑐿𑐬𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
• ଧୈର୍ଯ (Oriya script)
• ꢤꣀꢬ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆣𑆽𑆫𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
• 𑖠𑖹𑖨𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
• ධෛර්ය (Sinhalese script)
• ధైర్య (Telugu script)
• ไธรฺย (Thai script)
• དྷཻ་རྱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒡𑒻𑒩𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

Vrddhi derivative of धीर (dhī́ra) with a -य (-ya) extension, from धृ (dhṛ, “to be hold, to be firm”, root).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /dʱɑːjɾ.jɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈd̪ʱɑjɾ.jɐ/

Noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) n

1. firmness, constancy, calmness, patience, gravity, fortitude, courage

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of धैर्य (dhairya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	धैर्यम् dhairyam	धैर्ये dhairye	धैर्याणि / धैर्या¹ dhairyāṇi / dhairyā¹
Vocative	धैर्य dhairya	धैर्ये dhairye	धैर्याणि / धैर्या¹ dhairyāṇi / dhairyā¹
Accusative	धैर्यम् dhairyam	धैर्ये dhairye	धैर्याणि / धैर्या¹ dhairyāṇi / dhairyā¹
Instrumental	धैर्येण dhairyeṇa	धैर्याभ्याम् dhairyābhyām	धैर्यैः / धैर्येभिः¹ dhairyaiḥ / dhairyebhiḥ¹
Dative	धैर्याय dhairyāya	धैर्याभ्याम् dhairyābhyām	धैर्येभ्यः dhairyebhyaḥ
Ablative	धैर्यात् dhairyāt	धैर्याभ्याम् dhairyābhyām	धैर्येभ्यः dhairyebhyaḥ
Genitive	धैर्यस्य dhairyasya	धैर्ययोः dhairyayoḥ	धैर्याणाम् dhairyāṇām
Locative	धैर्ये dhairye	धैर्ययोः dhairyayoḥ	धैर्येषु dhairyeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Kashmiri:

  Arabic script: دٲر‎ (dạ̄r)

  Devanagari script: दऻर (dạ̄r)

• → Kannada: ಧೈರ್ಯ (dhairya)
• → Tamil: தைரியம் (tairiyam)
• → Telugu: ధైర్యము (dhairyamu)
• → Hindi: धैर्य (dhairya)
• → Bengali: ধৈর্য (dhōirjo)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “धैर्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 520, column 2.