नियम

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit नियम (niyama).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /nɪ.jəm/, [n̪i.jə̃m]

Noun

नियम • (niyam) m (Urdu spelling نیم‎)

1. rule, law, principle, observance

   यह नियम नहीं लगता है। ― yah niyam nahī̃ lagtā hai. ― This rule does not apply.

Declension

Declension of नियम (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	नियम niyam	नियम niyam
oblique	नियम niyam	नियमों niyamõ
vocative	नियम niyam	नियमो niyamo

Synonyms

• क़ायदा (qāydā)
• उसूल (usūl)

References

• John T. Platts (accessed 08-13-2012), “A Dictionary of Urdu, Classical Hindi, and English”, in (please provide the title of the work)‎^[1]
• Hardev Bahri (accessed 08-13-2012), “Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary”, in (please provide the title of the work)‎^[2]

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit नियम (niyama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ni.jəm/

Noun

नियम • (niyam) m

1. rule, law

   Synonym: कायदा (kāydā)

Declension

Declension of नियम (niyam)
direct singular	नियम niyam
direct plural	नियम niyam
	singular		plural
nominative	नियम niyam		नियम niyam
oblique	नियमा- niyamā-		नियमां- niyamāN-
dative	नियमाला niyamālā		नियमांना niyamāNnā
ergative	नियमाने niyamāne		नियमांनी niyamāNni
instrumental	नियमाशी niyamāśi		नियमांशी niyamāNśi
locative	नियमात niyamāt		नियमांत niyamāNt
vocative	नियमा niyamā		नियमांनो niyamāNno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of नियम
	masculine object		feminine object		neuter object		oblique
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular*	plural
singular subject	नियमाचा niyamāċā	नियमाचे niyamāce	नियमाची niyamāci	नियमाच्या niyamāca	नियमाचे, नियमाचं niyamāce, niyamāċa	नियमाची niyamāci	नियमाच्या niyamāca
plural subject	नियमांचा niyamāNċā	नियमांचे niyamāNce	नियमांची niyamāNci	नियमांच्या niyamāNca	नियमांचे, नियमांचं niyamāNce, niyamāNċa	नियमांची niyamāNci	नियमांच्या niyamāNca
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “नियम”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “नियम”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911), “नियम”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ᬦᬶᬬᬫ (Balinese script)
• নিয়ম (Assamese script)
• নিয়ম (Bengali script)
• 𑰡𑰰𑰧𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀦𑀺𑀬𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌨𑌿𑌯𑌮 (Grantha script)
• નિયમ (Gujarati script)
• ਨਿਯਮ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦤꦶꦪꦩ (Javanese script)
• និយម (Khmer script)
• ನಿಯಮ (Kannada script)
• ນິຍມ (Lao script)
• നിയമ (Malayalam script)
• 𑘡𑘱𑘧𑘦 (Modi script)
• ᠨᢈᠶ᠋ᠠᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
• နိယမ (Burmese script)
• 𑧁𑧒𑧇𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐣𑐶𑐫𑐩 (Newa script)
• ନିଯମ (Oriya script)
• ꢥꢶꢫꢪ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆤𑆴𑆪𑆩 (Sharada script)
• 𑖡𑖰𑖧𑖦 (Siddham script)
• නියම (Sinhalese script)
• నియమ (Telugu script)
• นิยม (Thai script)
• ནི་ཡ་མ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒢𑒱𑒨𑒧 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

नि- (ni-) +‎ यम् (yam).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ni.jɐ.mɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈn̪i.jɐ.mɐ/

Noun

नियम • (niyamá) m

1. restraining, checking, holding back, preventing, controlling
2. law, rule

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of नियम (niyamá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	नियमः niyamáḥ	नियमौ niyamaú	नियमाः / नियमासः¹ niyamā́ḥ / niyamā́saḥ¹
Vocative	नियम níyama	नियमौ níyamau	नियमाः / नियमासः¹ níyamāḥ / níyamāsaḥ¹
Accusative	नियमम् niyamám	नियमौ niyamaú	नियमान् niyamā́n
Instrumental	नियमेन niyaména	नियमाभ्याम् niyamā́bhyām	नियमैः / नियमेभिः¹ niyamaíḥ / niyamébhiḥ¹
Dative	नियमाय niyamā́ya	नियमाभ्याम् niyamā́bhyām	नियमेभ्यः niyamébhyaḥ
Ablative	नियमात् niyamā́t	नियमाभ्याम् niyamā́bhyām	नियमेभ्यः niyamébhyaḥ
Genitive	नियमस्य niyamásya	नियमयोः niyamáyoḥ	नियमानाम् niyamā́nām
Locative	नियमे niyamé	नियमयोः niyamáyoḥ	नियमेषु niyaméṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: niyama
• → Hindi: नियम (niyam)
• → Bengali: নিয়ম (niẏom)
• Punjabi: ਨਿਆਂ (niā̃, “justice”), ਨੇਮ (nem, “rule”), → ਨਿਯਮ (niyam) (learned)