भय

See also: भैया

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit भय (bhaya).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /bʱɛː/

Noun

भय • (bhay) m (Urdu spelling بھی)

1. dread, fear

   जब भूत उसके सामने आया, वह भाय से चीत्कार किया।

   jab bhūt uske sāmne āyā, vah bhāy se cītkār kiyā.

   When the ghost appeared before him, he shrieked with fear.

   Synonyms: डर (ḍar), ख़ौफ़ (xauf), आतंक (ātaṅk)

Derived terms

• अभय (abhay)
• भयकर (bhaykar)
• भयंकर (bhayaṅkar)
  • भयंकरता (bhayaṅkartā)

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Old Gujarati

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit भय (bhaya)

Noun

भय • (bhaya) n

1. fear, danger

Alternative forms

• भयु (bhayu)

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Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• bhaya (Latin script)
• 𑀪𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• ভয (Bengali script)
• භය (Sinhalese script)
• ဘယ or ꧤယ (Burmese script)
• ภย or ภะยะ (Thai script)
• ᨽᨿ (Tai Tham script)
• ຠຍ or ຠະຍະ (Lao script)
• ភយ (Khmer script)
• 𑄞𑄠 (Chakma script)

Noun

भय n

1. fear, fright

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Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to fear”). Cognate with Old English bifian (“to tremble”), Persian بیم (bim, “fear”) and Russian бояться (bojatʹsja).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /bʱɐ.jɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈbʱɐ.jɐ/

Noun

भय • (bhayá) stem, n

1. fear, alarm, dread
2. terror, dismay, danger, peril, distress

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of भय (bhayá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भयम् bhayám	भये bhayé	भयानि / भया¹ bhayā́ni / bhayā́¹
Vocative	भय bháya	भये bháye	भयानि / भया¹ bháyāni / bháyā¹
Accusative	भयम् bhayám	भये bhayé	भयानि / भया¹ bhayā́ni / bhayā́¹
Instrumental	भयेन bhayéna	भयाभ्याम् bhayā́bhyām	भयैः / भयेभिः¹ bhayaíḥ / bhayébhiḥ¹
Dative	भयाय bhayā́ya	भयाभ्याम् bhayā́bhyām	भयेभ्यः bhayébhyaḥ
Ablative	भयात् bhayā́t	भयाभ्याम् bhayā́bhyām	भयेभ्यः bhayébhyaḥ
Genitive	भयस्य bhayásya	भययोः bhayáyoḥ	भयानाम् bhayā́nām
Locative	भये bhayé	भययोः bhayáyoḥ	भयेषु bhayéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Related terms

• भीम (bhīma, “fearful”)
• अभय (abhaya, “fearless”)
• भयंकर (bhayaṃkara, “fearful”)

Descendants

• Assamese: ভয় (bhoy)
• Bengali: ভয় (bhoẏ)
• Hindi: भय (bhay)
• → Kannada: ಭಯ (bhaya)
• Konkani: भैय (bhaiy)
• → Malay: bahaya
  • Indonesian: bahaya
• → Tamil: பயம் (payam)
• → Telugu: భయము (bhayamu)
• → Thai: ภัย (pai)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “भय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 747.