यन्त्र
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Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- যন্ত্ৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬬᬦ᭄ᬢ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
- যন্ত্র (Bengali script)
- 𑰧𑰡𑰿𑰝𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀬𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- ယန္တြ (Burmese script)
- યન્ત્ર (Gujarati script)
- ਯਨ੍ਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌯𑌨𑍍𑌤𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦪꦤ꧀ꦠꦿ (Javanese script)
- 𑂨𑂢𑂹𑂞𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ಯನ್ತ್ರ (Kannada script)
- យន្ត្រ (Khmer script)
- ຍນ຺ຕ຺ຣ (Lao script)
- യന്ത്ര (Malayalam script)
- ᠶᠠᠨᢠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘧𑘡𑘿𑘝𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨᢐᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧇𑧁𑧠𑦽𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐫𑐣𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
- ଯନ୍ତ୍ର (Odia script)
- ꢫꢥ꣄ꢡ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆪𑆤𑇀𑆠𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖧𑖡𑖿𑖝𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
- යන්ත්ර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩻𑩯 𑪙𑩫 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚣𑚝𑚶𑚙𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
- யந்த்ர (Tamil script)
- యన్త్ర (Telugu script)
- ยนฺตฺร (Thai script)
- ཡ་ནྟྲ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒨𑒢𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨪𑨝𑩇𑨙𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *yem-tró-m (“instrument of restraining”), from *yem- (“to hold, to restrain”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]यन्त्र • (yantrá) stem, n
- any instrument for holding or restraining or fastening, a prop, support, barrier; a fetter, band, tie, thong, rein
- a surgical instrument (especially a blunt one, such as tweezers)
- any instrument or apparatus, mechanical contrivance, engine, machine, implement, appliance (as a bolt or lock on a door, oars or sails in a boat. etc.)
- restraint, force
- an amulet, mystical diagram supposed to possess occult powers
- (modern) a machine
Declension
[edit]Neuter a-stem declension of यन्त्र (yantrá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | यन्त्रम् yantrám |
यन्त्रे yantré |
यन्त्राणि / यन्त्रा¹ yantrā́ṇi / yantrā́¹ |
Vocative | यन्त्र yántra |
यन्त्रे yántre |
यन्त्राणि / यन्त्रा¹ yántrāṇi / yántrā¹ |
Accusative | यन्त्रम् yantrám |
यन्त्रे yantré |
यन्त्राणि / यन्त्रा¹ yantrā́ṇi / yantrā́¹ |
Instrumental | यन्त्रेण yantréṇa |
यन्त्राभ्याम् yantrā́bhyām |
यन्त्रैः / यन्त्रेभिः¹ yantraíḥ / yantrébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | यन्त्राय yantrā́ya |
यन्त्राभ्याम् yantrā́bhyām |
यन्त्रेभ्यः yantrébhyaḥ |
Ablative | यन्त्रात् yantrā́t |
यन्त्राभ्याम् yantrā́bhyām |
यन्त्रेभ्यः yantrébhyaḥ |
Genitive | यन्त्रस्य yantrásya |
यन्त्रयोः yantráyoḥ |
यन्त्राणाम् yantrā́ṇām |
Locative | यन्त्रे yantré |
यन्त्रयोः yantráyoḥ |
यन्त्रेषु yantréṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
[edit]- Ashokan Prakrit:
- Pali: yanta
Borrowings
- → Assamese: যঁতৰ (zõtor), যন্ত্ৰ (zontro)
- → Baluchi: [script needed] (ǰandar, ǰantar, ǰanthir, ǰāthar, ǰathir)
- → Bengali: যন্তর (jontor), যন্ত্র (jontro)
- → Odia: ଯନ୍ତ୍ର (jantra)
- → Punjabi: ਜੰਦਰਾ (jandrā)
- → English: yantra
- → Kannada: ಯಂತ್ರ (yantra)
- → Malay: jentera
- → Malayalam: യന്ത്രം (yantraṁ)
- → Pashto: يندره (jandrá)
- → Persian: جندره (jandara) (see there for further descendants)
- → Tamil: இயந்திரம் (iyantiram)
- → Telugu: యంత్రము (yantramu)
- → Tocharian B: yāntärne
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “यन्त्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 845.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “यन्त्र”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
- Morgenstierne, Georg (1923) “Iranian Notes”, in Acta Orientalia, volume 1, Leiden: E.J. Brill, pages 259–265
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 7