वृक
Hindi
Alternative forms
- बृक (bŕk)
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit वृक (vṛka).
Noun
वृक • (vŕk) m
- a wolf
Sanskrit
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wŕ̥kas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (“wolf”), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka), Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (varka) (whence Persian گرگ (gorg)), Latin lupus, Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Lithuanian vilkas, Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ), Old English ƿulf (whence English wolf). Native grammarians etymologize it as "the tearer" and connect it to root √vrasc, compare वृक्ण (vṛkṇa).
Pronunciation
Noun
वृक • (vṛ́ka) stem, m
- a wolf
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.183.4:
- मा वां वृको मा वृकीरा दधर्षीन्मा परि वर्क्तमुत माति धक्तम्।
अयं वां भागो निहित इयं गीर्दस्राविमे वां निधयो मधूनाम्॥- mā vāṃ vṛko mā vṛkīrā dadharṣīnmā pari varktamuta māti dhaktam.
ayaṃ vāṃ bhāgo nihita iyaṃ gīrdasrāvime vāṃ nidhayo madhūnām. - Let not the wolf, let not the she-wolf harm you.
Forsake me not, nor pass me by or others.
- mā vāṃ vṛko mā vṛkīrā dadharṣīnmā pari varktamuta māti dhaktam.
- मा वां वृको मा वृकीरा दधर्षीन्मा परि वर्क्तमुत माति धक्तम्।
- plough
- thunderbolt
- moon; sun
- (botany) a kind of plant (= बक (baka))
- the resin of Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template., now Pinus palustris
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of वृक (vṛ́ka) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | वृकः vṛ́kaḥ |
वृकौ / वृका¹ vṛ́kau / vṛ́kā¹ |
वृकाः / वृकासः¹ vṛ́kāḥ / vṛ́kāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | वृक vṛ́ka |
वृकौ / वृका¹ vṛ́kau / vṛ́kā¹ |
वृकाः / वृकासः¹ vṛ́kāḥ / vṛ́kāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | वृकम् vṛ́kam |
वृकौ / वृका¹ vṛ́kau / vṛ́kā¹ |
वृकान् vṛ́kān |
Instrumental | वृकेण vṛ́keṇa |
वृकाभ्याम् vṛ́kābhyām |
वृकैः / वृकेभिः¹ vṛ́kaiḥ / vṛ́kebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | वृकाय vṛ́kāya |
वृकाभ्याम् vṛ́kābhyām |
वृकेभ्यः vṛ́kebhyaḥ |
Ablative | वृकात् vṛ́kāt |
वृकाभ्याम् vṛ́kābhyām |
वृकेभ्यः vṛ́kebhyaḥ |
Genitive | वृकस्य vṛ́kasya |
वृकयोः vṛ́kayoḥ |
वृकाणाम् vṛ́kāṇām |
Locative | वृके vṛ́ke |
वृकयोः vṛ́kayoḥ |
वृकेषु vṛ́keṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
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- Pali: vaka
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Proper noun
वृक • (Vṛ́ka) m
- name of an Asura
- name of a son of Krishna
- name of a king
- name of a son of Ruruka (or Bharuka)
- name Prithu
- name of a son of Shura
- name of a son of Vatsaka
- (in the plural) name of a people and a country (belonging to मध्यदेश (madhya-deśa)) (compare वार्केण्य (vārkeṇya))
Related terms
- वृकी (vṛ́kī)
Borrowed terms
- Telugu: వృకము (vr̥kamu)
References
- “वृक” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 516.
- Monier Williams (1899) “वृक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1008.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “वृक”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 294
- Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 700
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- sa:Plants
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- Sanskrit proper nouns
- sa:Mammals