वृक

Hindi

Alternative forms

• बृक ‎(bŕk)

Etymology

Borrowing from Sanskrit वृक ‎(vṛka).

Noun

वृक • ‎(vŕk) m

1. a wolf

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Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥ka- ‎(“wolf”), *urka- (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 ‎(vəhrka), Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 ‎(varka), Persian گرگ ‎(gorg)), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos ‎(“wolf”) (compare Latin lupus, Ancient Greek λύκος ‎(lúkos), Lithuanian vilkas, Old Church Slavonic влькъ ‎(vlĭkŭ)). Native grammarians etymologize it as "the tearer" and connect it to root √vrasc, compare वृक्ण ‎(vṛkṇa).

Noun

वृक • ‎(vṛ́ka) m

1. wolf; dog; jackal
   • RV 1.183.4a

     मा वां वर्को मा वर्कीरा दधर्षीन मा परि वर्क्तमुतमाति धक्तम‎

     mā vāṃ vṛko mā vṛkīrā dadharṣīn mā pari varktamutamāti dhaktam

     Let not the wolf, let not the she-wolf harm you. Forsake me not, nor pass me by or others.

2. crow; owl
3. thief; kshatriya
4. plough
5. thunderbolt
6. moon; sun
7. (botany) a kind of plant (= बक ‎(baka))
8. the resin of Pinus longifolia, now Pinus palustris

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of वृक
Nom. sg.	वृकः ‎(vṛkaḥ)
Gen. sg.	वृकस्य ‎(vṛkasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	वृकः ‎(vṛkaḥ)	वृकौ ‎(vṛkau)	वृकाः ‎(vṛkāḥ)
Vocative	वृक ‎(vṛka)	वृकौ ‎(vṛkau)	वृकाः ‎(vṛkāḥ)
Accusative	वृकम् ‎(vṛkam)	वृकौ ‎(vṛkau)	वृकान् ‎(vṛkān)
Instrumental	वृकेण ‎(vṛkeṇa)	वृकाभ्याम् ‎(vṛkābhyām)	वृकैः ‎(vṛkaiḥ)
Dative	वृकाय ‎(vṛkāya)	वृकाभ्याम् ‎(vṛkābhyām)	वृकेभ्यः ‎(vṛkebhyaḥ)
Ablative	वृकात् ‎(vṛkāt)	वृकाभ्याम् ‎(vṛkābhyām)	वृकेभ्यः ‎(vṛkebhyaḥ)
Genitive	वृकस्य ‎(vṛkasya)	वृकयोः ‎(vṛkayoḥ)	वृकाणाम् ‎(vṛkāṇām)
Locative	वृके ‎(vṛke)	वृकयोः ‎(vṛkayoḥ)	वृकेषु ‎(vṛkeṣu)

Proper noun

वृक • ‎(Vṛ́ka) m

1. name of an Asura
2. name of a son of Krishna
3. name of a king
4. name of a son of Ruruka (or Bharuka)
5. name Prithu
6. name of a son of Shura
7. name of a son of Vatsaka
8. (in the plural) name of a people and a country (belonging to मध्यदेश ‎(madhya-deśa)) (compare वार्केण्य ‎(vārkeṇya))

Related terms

• वृकी ‎(vṛ́kī)

Descendants

• Telugu: వృకము ‎(vr̥kamu)

References

• Sir Monier Monier-Williams (1898) A Sanskrit-English dictionary etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 1008
• Arthur A. Macdonell, A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, 1893, page 294
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 700
• Carl Capeller, A Sanskrit-English dictionary, based upon the St. Petersburg lexicons, London: Luzac & Co., 1891, page 516