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वृक

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Hindi

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वृक

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Sanskrit वृक (vṛka).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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वृक (vŕkm

  1. a wolf
    Synonym: भेड़िया (bheṛiyā)

Declension

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Declension of वृक (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct वृक
vŕk
वृक
vŕk
oblique वृक
vŕk
वृकों
vŕkõ
vocative वृक
vŕk
वृको
vŕko

Marathi

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Sanskrit वृक (vṛka).

Noun

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वृक (vrukm

  1. a wolf

References

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Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (wolf), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (wolf). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka), Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /⁠varka⁠/) (whence Persian گرگ (gorg)), Latin lupus, Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Lithuanian vilkas, Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ), Old English ƿulf (whence English wolf). Native grammarians etymologize it as "the tearer" and connect it to root व्रश्च् (vraśc), whence वृक्ण (vṛkṇa).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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वृक (vṛ́ka) stemm

  1. a wolf
    • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.183.4:
      मा वां॒ वृको॒ मा वृ॒कीरा द॑धर्षी॒न्मा परि॑ वर्क्तमु॒त माति॑ धक्तम् ।
      अ॒यं वां॑ भा॒गो निहि॑त इ॒यं गीर्दस्रा॑वि॒मे वां॑ नि॒धयो॒ मधू॑नाम् ॥
      mā́ vāṃ vṛ́ko mā́ vṛkī́rā́ dadharṣīnmā́ pári varktamutá mā́ti dhaktam.
      ayáṃ vāṃ bhāgó níhita iyáṃ gī́rdásrāvimé vāṃ nidháyo mádhūnām.
      Let not the wolf, let not the she-wolf harm you.
      Forsake me not, nor pass me by or others.
    • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.42.2:
      यो नः॑ पूषन्न॒घो वृको॑ दुः॒शेव॑ आ॒दिदे॑शति ।
      अप॑ स्म॒ तं प॒थो ज॑हि ॥
      yó naḥ pūṣannaghó vṛ́ko duḥśéva ādídeśati.
      ápa sma táṃ pathó jahi.
      Drive, Pūṣan, from our road the wolf, the wicked inauspicious wolf,
      Who lies in wait to injure us.
  2. plough
  3. thunderbolt
  4. moon; sun
  5. (botany) a kind of plant (= बक (baka))
  6. the resin of Pinus longifolia, now Pinus palustris

Declension

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Masculine a-stem declension of वृक
singular dual plural
nominative वृकः (vṛ́kaḥ) वृकौ (vṛ́kau)
वृका¹ (vṛ́kā¹)
वृकाः (vṛ́kāḥ)
वृकासः¹ (vṛ́kāsaḥ¹)
accusative वृकम् (vṛ́kam) वृकौ (vṛ́kau)
वृका¹ (vṛ́kā¹)
वृकान् (vṛ́kān)
instrumental वृकेण (vṛ́keṇa) वृकाभ्याम् (vṛ́kābhyām) वृकैः (vṛ́kaiḥ)
वृकेभिः¹ (vṛ́kebhiḥ¹)
dative वृकाय (vṛ́kāya) वृकाभ्याम् (vṛ́kābhyām) वृकेभ्यः (vṛ́kebhyaḥ)
ablative वृकात् (vṛ́kāt) वृकाभ्याम् (vṛ́kābhyām) वृकेभ्यः (vṛ́kebhyaḥ)
genitive वृकस्य (vṛ́kasya) वृकयोः (vṛ́kayoḥ) वृकाणाम् (vṛ́kāṇām)
locative वृके (vṛ́ke) वृकयोः (vṛ́kayoḥ) वृकेषु (vṛ́keṣu)
vocative वृक (vṛ́ka) वृकौ (vṛ́kau)
वृका¹ (vṛ́kā¹)
वृकाः (vṛ́kāḥ)
वृकासः¹ (vṛ́kāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Proper noun

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वृक (Vṛ́kam

  1. name of an Asura
  2. name of a son of Krishna
  3. name of a king
  4. name of a son of Ruruka (or Bharuka)
  5. name Prithu
  6. name of a son of Shura
  7. name of a son of Vatsaka
  8. (in the plural) name of a people and a country (belonging to मध्यदेश (madhya-deśa)) (compare वार्केण्य (vārkeṇya))
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References

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  • वृक” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 516.
  • Monier Williams (1899) “वृक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1008.
  • Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “वृक”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 294
  • Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 700