वृजिन

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৱৃজিন (Assamese script)
• ᬯᬺᬚᬶᬦ (Balinese script)
• বৃজিন (Bengali script)
• 𑰪𑰴𑰕𑰰𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀯𑀾𑀚𑀺𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ဝၖဇိန (Burmese script)
• વૃજિન (Gujarati script)
• ਵ੍ਰਜਿਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌵𑍃𑌜𑌿𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦮꦽꦗꦶꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂫𑃂𑂔𑂱𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ವೃಜಿನ (Kannada script)
• វ្ឫជិន (Khmer script)
• ວ຺ຣິຊິນ (Lao script)
• വൃജിന (Malayalam script)
• ᠸᡵᡳᡯᡳᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘪𑘵𑘕𑘱𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠸᠷᠢᠽᠢᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧊𑧖𑦵𑧒𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐰𑐺𑐖𑐶𑐣 (Newa script)
• ଵୃଜିନ (Odia script)
• ꢮꢺꢙꢶꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆮𑆸𑆘𑆴𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖪𑖴𑖕𑖰𑖡 (Siddham script)
• වෘජින (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩾𑩙𑩣𑩑𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚦𑚑𑚮𑚝 (Takri script)
• வ்ரிஜிந (Tamil script)
• వృజిన (Telugu script)
• วฺฤชิน (Thai script)
• ཝྲྀ་ཛི་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒫𑒵𑒖𑒱𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨭𑨼𑨉𑨥𑨁𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root वृज् (vṛj, “to turn, bend”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋr̩.d͡ʑi.nɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈʋr̩.d͡ʑi.n̪ɐ/

Adjective

वृजिन • (vṛjiná) stem

1. bent, crooked; deceitful, false, wicked

   Synonyms: वक्र (vakra), कुटिल (kuṭila)

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.97.43:

     ऋ॒जुः प॑वस्व वृजि॒नस्य॑ ह॒न्तापामी॑वां॒ बाध॑मानो॒ मृध॑श्च ।
     अ॒भि॒श्री॒णन्पयः॒ पय॑सा॒भि गोना॒मिन्द्र॑स्य॒ त्वं तव॑ व॒यं सखा॑यः ॥

     ṛjúḥ pavasva vṛjinásya hantā́pā́mīvāṃ bā́dhamāno mṛ́dhaśca.
     abhiśrīṇánpáyaḥ páyasābhí gónāmíndrasya tváṃ táva vayáṃ sákhāyaḥ.

     Flow onward righteous slayer of the wicked, driving away our enemies and sickness,
     Blending thy milk with milk which cows afford us. We are thy friends, thou art the Friend of Indra.

2. disastrous, calamitous
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of वृजिन (vṛjiná)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	वृजिनः vṛjináḥ	वृजिनौ / वृजिना¹ vṛjinaú / vṛjinā́¹	वृजिनाः / वृजिनासः¹ vṛjinā́ḥ / vṛjinā́saḥ¹
Vocative	वृजिन vṛ́jina	वृजिनौ / वृजिना¹ vṛ́jinau / vṛ́jinā¹	वृजिनाः / वृजिनासः¹ vṛ́jināḥ / vṛ́jināsaḥ¹
Accusative	वृजिनम् vṛjinám	वृजिनौ / वृजिना¹ vṛjinaú / vṛjinā́¹	वृजिनान् vṛjinā́n
Instrumental	वृजिनेन vṛjinéna	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनैः / वृजिनेभिः¹ vṛjinaíḥ / vṛjinébhiḥ¹
Dative	वृजिनाय vṛjinā́ya	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनेभ्यः vṛjinébhyaḥ
Ablative	वृजिनात् vṛjinā́t	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनेभ्यः vṛjinébhyaḥ
Genitive	वृजिनस्य vṛjinásya	वृजिनयोः vṛjináyoḥ	वृजिनानाम् vṛjinā́nām
Locative	वृजिने vṛjiné	वृजिनयोः vṛjináyoḥ	वृजिनेषु vṛjinéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of वृजिना (vṛjinā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	वृजिना vṛjinā́	वृजिने vṛjiné	वृजिनाः vṛjinā́ḥ
Vocative	वृजिने vṛ́jine	वृजिने vṛ́jine	वृजिनाः vṛ́jināḥ
Accusative	वृजिनाम् vṛjinā́m	वृजिने vṛjiné	वृजिनाः vṛjinā́ḥ
Instrumental	वृजिनया / वृजिना¹ vṛjináyā / vṛjinā́¹	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनाभिः vṛjinā́bhiḥ
Dative	वृजिनायै vṛjinā́yai	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनाभ्यः vṛjinā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	वृजिनायाः / वृजिनायै² vṛjinā́yāḥ / vṛjinā́yai²	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनाभ्यः vṛjinā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	वृजिनायाः / वृजिनायै² vṛjinā́yāḥ / vṛjinā́yai²	वृजिनयोः vṛjináyoḥ	वृजिनानाम् vṛjinā́nām
Locative	वृजिनायाम् vṛjinā́yām	वृजिनयोः vṛjináyoḥ	वृजिनासु vṛjinā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of वृजिन (vṛjiná)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	वृजिनम् vṛjinám	वृजिने vṛjiné	वृजिनानि / वृजिना¹ vṛjinā́ni / vṛjinā́¹
Vocative	वृजिन vṛ́jina	वृजिने vṛ́jine	वृजिनानि / वृजिना¹ vṛ́jināni / vṛ́jinā¹
Accusative	वृजिनम् vṛjinám	वृजिने vṛjiné	वृजिनानि / वृजिना¹ vṛjinā́ni / vṛjinā́¹
Instrumental	वृजिनेन vṛjinéna	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनैः / वृजिनेभिः¹ vṛjinaíḥ / vṛjinébhiḥ¹
Dative	वृजिनाय vṛjinā́ya	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनेभ्यः vṛjinébhyaḥ
Ablative	वृजिनात् vṛjinā́t	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनेभ्यः vṛjinébhyaḥ
Genitive	वृजिनस्य vṛjinásya	वृजिनयोः vṛjináyoḥ	वृजिनानाम् vṛjinā́nām
Locative	वृजिने vṛjiné	वृजिनयोः vṛjináyoḥ	वृजिनेषु vṛjinéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

वृजिन • (vṛjiná) stem, n

1. deceit, intrigue, guile
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
2. sin, vice, wickedness

   Synonyms: पाप (pāpa), अक (aka)

   • c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā 4.36:

     अपि चेदसि पापेभ्यः सर्वेभ्यः पापकृत्तमः ।
     सर्वं ज्ञानप्ल‍वेनैव वृजिनं सन्तरिष्यसि ॥

     api cedasi pāpebhyaḥ sarvebhyaḥ pāpakṛttamaḥ.
     sarvaṃ jñānapla‍venaiva vṛjinaṃ santariṣyasi.

     Even if you are the most sinful of all sinners, by the boat of knowledge you will be able to cross all the sin.

3. misery, distress, suffering
   • c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.39.6:

     अहो अस्मदभूद्भरि पित्रोर्वृजिनम्आर्ययोः ।
     यद्धेतोः पुत्रमरणं यद्धेतोर्बन्धनं तयोः ॥

     aho asmadabhūdbhari pitrorvṛjinamāryayoḥ.
     yaddhetoḥ putramaraṇaṃ yaddhetorbandhanaṃ tayoḥ.

     How much suffering I have caused my noble parents! Because of me their children were killed and they themselves imprisoned.

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of वृजिन (vṛjiná)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	वृजिनम् vṛjinám	वृजिने vṛjiné	वृजिनानि / वृजिना¹ vṛjinā́ni / vṛjinā́¹
Vocative	वृजिन vṛ́jina	वृजिने vṛ́jine	वृजिनानि / वृजिना¹ vṛ́jināni / vṛ́jinā¹
Accusative	वृजिनम् vṛjinám	वृजिने vṛjiné	वृजिनानि / वृजिना¹ vṛjinā́ni / vṛjinā́¹
Instrumental	वृजिनेन vṛjinéna	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनैः / वृजिनेभिः¹ vṛjinaíḥ / vṛjinébhiḥ¹
Dative	वृजिनाय vṛjinā́ya	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनेभ्यः vṛjinébhyaḥ
Ablative	वृजिनात् vṛjinā́t	वृजिनाभ्याम् vṛjinā́bhyām	वृजिनेभ्यः vṛjinébhyaḥ
Genitive	वृजिनस्य vṛjinásya	वृजिनयोः vṛjináyoḥ	वृजिनानाम् vṛjinā́nām
Locative	वृजिने vṛjiné	वृजिनयोः vṛjináyoḥ	वृजिनेषु vṛjinéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “वृजिन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1009, column 1.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “vṛjina”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “वृजिन”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1489
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “वृजिन”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 295