साधारण
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit साधारण (sādhāraṇa).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /sɑː.d̪ʱɑː.ɾəɳ/, [säː.d̪ʱäː.ɾɐ̃ɳ]
Adjective
[edit]साधारण • (sādhāraṇ) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling سادھارن)
References
[edit]- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “साधारण”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 5064
- Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “साधारण”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 800
- Bahri, Hardev (1989), “साधारण”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 651.
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- সাধাৰণ (Assamese script)
- ᬲᬵᬥᬵᬭᬡ (Balinese script)
- সাধারণ (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰯𑰠𑰯𑰨𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀸𑀭𑀡 (Brahmi script)
- သာဓာရဏ (Burmese script)
- સાધારણ (Gujarati script)
- ਸਾਧਾਰਣ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌸𑌾𑌧𑌾𑌰𑌣 (Grantha script)
- ꦱꦴꦣꦴꦫꦟ (Javanese script)
- 𑂮𑂰𑂡𑂰𑂩𑂝 (Kaithi script)
- ಸಾಧಾರಣ (Kannada script)
- សាធារណ (Khmer script)
- ສາຘາຣຓ (Lao script)
- സാധാരണ (Malayalam script)
- ᠰᠠ᠊ᠠᢡᠠ᠊ᠠᡵᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘭𑘰𑘠𑘰𑘨𑘜 (Modi script)
- ᠰᠠᢗᢑᠾᠠᢗᠷᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧍𑧑𑧀𑧑𑧈𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑐵𑐢𑐵𑐬𑐞 (Newa script)
- ସାଧାରଣ (Odia script)
- ꢱꢵꢤꢵꢬꢠ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑆳𑆣𑆳𑆫𑆟 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖯𑖠𑖯𑖨𑖜 (Siddham script)
- සාධාරණ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑪁𑩛𑩮𑩛𑩼𑩪 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚨𑚭𑚜𑚭𑚤𑚘 (Takri script)
- ஸாத⁴ாரண (Tamil script)
- సాధారణ (Telugu script)
- สาธารณ (Thai script)
- སཱ་དྷཱ་ར་ཎ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑒰𑒡𑒰𑒩𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨰𑨊𑨜𑨊𑨫𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Vṛddhi derivative of स- (sa-) + धार॑ण (dhā́raṇa).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]साधा॑रण • (sā́dhāraṇa) stem
- common, ordinary
- "having or resting on the same support or basis", belonging or applicable to many or all, general, common to all, universal, common to (genitive, dative, instrumental with and without सह (saha), or compound)
- like, equal or similar to (instrumental or compound)
- behaving alike
- having something of two opposite properties, occupying a middle position, mean (between two extremes e.g. "neither too dry nor too wet", "neither too cool nor too hot")
- (logic) belonging to more than the one instance alleged (one of the three divisions of the fallacy called अनैकान्तिक (anaikāntika))
- generic
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | साधा॑रणः (sā́dhāraṇaḥ) | साधा॑रणौ (sā́dhāraṇau) साधा॑रणा¹ (sā́dhāraṇā¹) |
साधा॑रणाः (sā́dhāraṇāḥ) साधा॑रणासः¹ (sā́dhāraṇāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | साधा॑रणम् (sā́dhāraṇam) | साधा॑रणौ (sā́dhāraṇau) साधा॑रणा¹ (sā́dhāraṇā¹) |
साधा॑रणान् (sā́dhāraṇān) |
| instrumental | साधा॑रणेन (sā́dhāraṇena) | साधा॑रणाभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇābhyām) | साधा॑रणैः (sā́dhāraṇaiḥ) साधा॑रणेभिः¹ (sā́dhāraṇebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | साधा॑रणाय (sā́dhāraṇāya) | साधा॑रणाभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇābhyām) | साधा॑रणेभ्यः (sā́dhāraṇebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | साधा॑रणात् (sā́dhāraṇāt) | साधा॑रणाभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇābhyām) | साधा॑रणेभ्यः (sā́dhāraṇebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | साधा॑रणस्य (sā́dhāraṇasya) | साधा॑रणयोः (sā́dhāraṇayoḥ) | साधा॑रणानाम् (sā́dhāraṇānām) |
| locative | साधा॑रणे (sā́dhāraṇe) | साधा॑रणयोः (sā́dhāraṇayoḥ) | साधा॑रणेषु (sā́dhāraṇeṣu) |
| vocative | साधा॑रण (sā́dhāraṇa) | साधा॑रणौ (sā́dhāraṇau) साधा॑रणा¹ (sā́dhāraṇā¹) |
साधा॑रणाः (sā́dhāraṇāḥ) साधा॑रणासः¹ (sā́dhāraṇāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | साधा॑रणी (sā́dhāraṇī) | साधा॑रण्यौ (sā́dhāraṇyau) साधा॑रणी¹ (sā́dhāraṇī¹) |
साधा॑रण्यः (sā́dhāraṇyaḥ) साधा॑रणीः¹ (sā́dhāraṇīḥ¹) |
| accusative | साधा॑रणीम् (sā́dhāraṇīm) | साधा॑रण्यौ (sā́dhāraṇyau) साधा॑रणी¹ (sā́dhāraṇī¹) |
साधा॑रणीः (sā́dhāraṇīḥ) |
| instrumental | साधा॑रण्या (sā́dhāraṇyā) | साधा॑रणीभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇībhyām) | साधा॑रणीभिः (sā́dhāraṇībhiḥ) |
| dative | साधा॑रण्यै (sā́dhāraṇyai) | साधा॑रणीभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇībhyām) | साधा॑रणीभ्यः (sā́dhāraṇībhyaḥ) |
| ablative | साधा॑रण्याः (sā́dhāraṇyāḥ) साधा॑रण्यै² (sā́dhāraṇyai²) |
साधा॑रणीभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇībhyām) | साधा॑रणीभ्यः (sā́dhāraṇībhyaḥ) |
| genitive | साधा॑रण्याः (sā́dhāraṇyāḥ) साधा॑रण्यै² (sā́dhāraṇyai²) |
साधा॑रण्योः (sā́dhāraṇyoḥ) | साधा॑रणीनाम् (sā́dhāraṇīnām) |
| locative | साधा॑रण्याम् (sā́dhāraṇyām) | साधा॑रण्योः (sā́dhāraṇyoḥ) | साधा॑रणीषु (sā́dhāraṇīṣu) |
| vocative | साधा॑रणि (sā́dhāraṇi) | साधा॑रण्यौ (sā́dhāraṇyau) साधा॑रणी¹ (sā́dhāraṇī¹) |
साधा॑रण्यः (sā́dhāraṇyaḥ) साधा॑रणीः¹ (sā́dhāraṇīḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | साधा॑रणा (sā́dhāraṇā) | साधा॑रणे (sā́dhāraṇe) | साधा॑रणाः (sā́dhāraṇāḥ) |
| accusative | साधा॑रणाम् (sā́dhāraṇām) | साधा॑रणे (sā́dhāraṇe) | साधा॑रणाः (sā́dhāraṇāḥ) |
| instrumental | साधा॑रणया (sā́dhāraṇayā) साधा॑रणा¹ (sā́dhāraṇā¹) |
साधा॑रणाभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇābhyām) | साधा॑रणाभिः (sā́dhāraṇābhiḥ) |
| dative | साधा॑रणायै (sā́dhāraṇāyai) | साधा॑रणाभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇābhyām) | साधा॑रणाभ्यः (sā́dhāraṇābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | साधा॑रणायाः (sā́dhāraṇāyāḥ) साधा॑रणायै² (sā́dhāraṇāyai²) |
साधा॑रणाभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇābhyām) | साधा॑रणाभ्यः (sā́dhāraṇābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | साधा॑रणायाः (sā́dhāraṇāyāḥ) साधा॑रणायै² (sā́dhāraṇāyai²) |
साधा॑रणयोः (sā́dhāraṇayoḥ) | साधा॑रणानाम् (sā́dhāraṇānām) |
| locative | साधा॑रणायाम् (sā́dhāraṇāyām) | साधा॑रणयोः (sā́dhāraṇayoḥ) | साधा॑रणासु (sā́dhāraṇāsu) |
| vocative | साधा॑रणे (sā́dhāraṇe) | साधा॑रणे (sā́dhāraṇe) | साधा॑रणाः (sā́dhāraṇāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | साधा॑रणम् (sā́dhāraṇam) | साधा॑रणे (sā́dhāraṇe) | साधा॑रणानि (sā́dhāraṇāni) साधा॑रणा¹ (sā́dhāraṇā¹) |
| accusative | साधा॑रणम् (sā́dhāraṇam) | साधा॑रणे (sā́dhāraṇe) | साधा॑रणानि (sā́dhāraṇāni) साधा॑रणा¹ (sā́dhāraṇā¹) |
| instrumental | साधा॑रणेन (sā́dhāraṇena) | साधा॑रणाभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇābhyām) | साधा॑रणैः (sā́dhāraṇaiḥ) साधा॑रणेभिः¹ (sā́dhāraṇebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | साधा॑रणाय (sā́dhāraṇāya) | साधा॑रणाभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇābhyām) | साधा॑रणेभ्यः (sā́dhāraṇebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | साधा॑रणात् (sā́dhāraṇāt) | साधा॑रणाभ्याम् (sā́dhāraṇābhyām) | साधा॑रणेभ्यः (sā́dhāraṇebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | साधा॑रणस्य (sā́dhāraṇasya) | साधा॑रणयोः (sā́dhāraṇayoḥ) | साधा॑रणानाम् (sā́dhāraṇānām) |
| locative | साधा॑रणे (sā́dhāraṇe) | साधा॑रणयोः (sā́dhāraṇayoḥ) | साधा॑रणेषु (sā́dhāraṇeṣu) |
| vocative | साधा॑रण (sā́dhāraṇa) | साधा॑रणे (sā́dhāraṇe) | साधा॑रणानि (sā́dhāraṇāni) साधा॑रणा¹ (sā́dhāraṇā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
[edit]साधारण • (sādhāraṇa) stem, m
- name of the 44th (or 18th) year of Jupiter's cycle of 60 years
- a twig of bamboo (perhaps used as a bolt)
- (or n?) name of a Nyaya work by गादधर (Gādadhara)
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | साधारणः (sādhāraṇaḥ) | साधारणौ (sādhāraṇau) | साधारणाः (sādhāraṇāḥ) |
| accusative | साधारणम् (sādhāraṇam) | साधारणौ (sādhāraṇau) | साधारणान् (sādhāraṇān) |
| instrumental | साधारणेन (sādhāraṇena) | साधारणाभ्याम् (sādhāraṇābhyām) | साधारणैः (sādhāraṇaiḥ) |
| dative | साधारणाय (sādhāraṇāya) | साधारणाभ्याम् (sādhāraṇābhyām) | साधारणेभ्यः (sādhāraṇebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | साधारणात् (sādhāraṇāt) | साधारणाभ्याम् (sādhāraṇābhyām) | साधारणेभ्यः (sādhāraṇebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | साधारणस्य (sādhāraṇasya) | साधारणयोः (sādhāraṇayoḥ) | साधारणानाम् (sādhāraṇānām) |
| locative | साधारणे (sādhāraṇe) | साधारणयोः (sādhāraṇayoḥ) | साधारणेषु (sādhāraṇeṣu) |
| vocative | साधारण (sādhāraṇa) | साधारणौ (sādhāraṇau) | साधारणाः (sādhāraṇāḥ) |
Noun
[edit]साधारण • (sādhāraṇa) stem, n
- something in common, a league or alliance with (compound)
- a common rule or one generally applicable
- a generic property, a character common to all the individuals of a species or to all the species of a genus etc.
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | साधारणम् (sādhāraṇam) | साधारणे (sādhāraṇe) | साधारणानि (sādhāraṇāni) |
| accusative | साधारणम् (sādhāraṇam) | साधारणे (sādhāraṇe) | साधारणानि (sādhāraṇāni) |
| instrumental | साधारणेन (sādhāraṇena) | साधारणाभ्याम् (sādhāraṇābhyām) | साधारणैः (sādhāraṇaiḥ) |
| dative | साधारणाय (sādhāraṇāya) | साधारणाभ्याम् (sādhāraṇābhyām) | साधारणेभ्यः (sādhāraṇebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | साधारणात् (sādhāraṇāt) | साधारणाभ्याम् (sādhāraṇābhyām) | साधारणेभ्यः (sādhāraṇebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | साधारणस्य (sādhāraṇasya) | साधारणयोः (sādhāraṇayoḥ) | साधारणानाम् (sādhāraṇānām) |
| locative | साधारणे (sādhāraṇe) | साधारणयोः (sādhāraṇayoḥ) | साधारणेषु (sādhāraṇeṣu) |
| vocative | साधारण (sādhāraṇa) | साधारणे (sādhāraṇe) | साधारणानि (sādhāraṇāni) |
Descendants
[edit]- Pali: sādhāraṇa
- → Hindi: साधारण (sādhāraṇ)
- → Khmer: សាធារណៈ (saathiərĕəʼnaʼ)
- → Lao: ສາທາລະນະ (sā thā la na)
- → Malay: sederhana
- > Indonesian: sederhana (inherited)
- → Tamil: சாதாரணம் (cātāraṇam)
- → Thai: สาธารณะ (sǎa-taa-rá-ná)
- → Urdu: سادھارن
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “साधारण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1202, column 2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “DHAR”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 778: “sā́-dhāraṇa-”
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “sādhāraṇa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi adjectives
- Hindi indeclinable adjectives
- Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives
- Sanskrit terms prefixed with स-
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- sa:Logic
- Sanskrit a-stem adjectives
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- sa:Hindu Jovian years