सामना

See also: सामने, सुम्न, समान, सामन्, and सामान

Hindi

Alternative forms

• साम्हना (sāmhanā)

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀁𑀫𑀼𑀳 (saṃmuha), from Sanskrit सम्मुख (sam-mukhá, “facing”). Cognate with Marathi सामना (sāmnā), Punjabi ਸਾਹਮਣਾ (sāhmaṇā), Gujarati સામું (sāmũ) and Oriya ସାମନା (samôna). Doublet of सम्मुख (sammukh).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /sɑːm.nɑː/, [s̪ä̃ːm.n̪äː]

Noun

सामना • (sāmnā) m (Urdu spelling سامنا‎)

1. confrontation

   अब तो हमें उनका सामना करना पड़ेगा।

   ab to hamẽ unkā sāmnā karnā paṛegā.

   Now we will have to confront them.

2. opposition, competition

Declension

Declension of सामना (masc ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	सामना sāmnā	सामने sāmne
oblique	सामने sāmne	सामनों sāmnõ
vocative	सामने sāmne	सामनो sāmno

Derived terms

• सामना करना (sāmnā karnā, “to confront”)
• के सामने (ke sāmne, “in front of”)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “सामना”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “सामना”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “सामना”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “सामना”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• “सामना”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “saṁmukhá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀲𑀁𑀫𑀼𑀳 (saṃmuha), from Sanskrit सम्मुख (sam-mukhá, “facing”). Cognate with Hindustani सामना / سامنا‎ (sāmnā), Punjabi ਸਾਹਮਣਾ (sāhmaṇā), Gujarati સામું (sāmũ) and Oriya ସାମନା (samôna). Doublet of सम्मुख (sammukh).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sam.na/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

सामना • (sāmnā) m

1. match, confrontation

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “सामना”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “सामना”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Date, Yasavanta Ramakrshna (1932-1950), “सामना”, in Maharashtra Sabdakosa (in Marathi), Pune: Maharashtra Kosamandala.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “saṁmukhá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press