ḥsb

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɛsɛb/
  • Conventional anglicization: heseb

Etymology 1

Compare Arabic حَسَبَ (ḥasaba, “to calculate, to count”), Hebrew חָשַׁב (ḥāšaḇ, “to think”), and Classical Syriac ܚܫܒ (“to think, to count, to calculate”).

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to calculate
2. (transitive) to count

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥsb (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḥsb, geminated stem: ḥsbb

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḥsb	ḥsbw, ḥsb	ḥsbt	ḥsb	ḥsb

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḥsb	ḥr ḥsb	m ḥsb	r ḥsb

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḥsb.n	ḥsbw, ḥsb	consecutive	ḥsb.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ḥsbt
perfective3	ḥsb	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ḥsb.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ḥsb	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ḥsb	ḥsbb	potentialis1	ḥsb.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ḥsb	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḥsb.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ḥsb	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḥsb	ḥsb, ḥsbw5, ḥsby5
imperfective	ḥsb, ḥsby, ḥsbw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḥsb, ḥsbj6, ḥsby6	ḥsb, ḥsbw5
prospective	ḥsb, ḥsbtj7	—	ḥsbtj4, ḥsbt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

• nt-ḥsb
• rnpt ḥsb

Etymology 2

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to break

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥsb (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḥsb, geminated stem: ḥsbb

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḥsb	ḥsbw, ḥsb	ḥsbt	ḥsb	ḥsb

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḥsb	ḥr ḥsb	m ḥsb	r ḥsb

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḥsb.n	ḥsbw, ḥsb	consecutive	ḥsb.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ḥsbt
perfective3	ḥsb	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ḥsb.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ḥsb	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ḥsb	ḥsbb	potentialis1	ḥsb.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ḥsb	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḥsb.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ḥsb	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḥsb	ḥsb, ḥsbw5, ḥsby5
imperfective	ḥsb, ḥsby, ḥsbw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḥsb, ḥsbj6, ḥsby6	ḥsb, ḥsbw5
prospective	ḥsb, ḥsbtj7	—	ḥsbtj4, ḥsbt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Noun

 m

1. (medicine) fracture

Inflection

Declension of ḥsb (masculine)

singular	ḥsb
dual	ḥsbwj
plural	ḥsbw

References

• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, pages 3, 157