混淆

Chinese

		to mix; to get along; thoughtless to mix; to get along; thoughtless; confused; dirty; mix	to mix; to confuse
trad. (混淆)		混	淆
simp. #(混淆)		混	淆
alternative forms		混殽／混淆

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hùnxiáo, hùnyáo, hǔnxiáo

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄒㄧㄠˊ, ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄧㄠˊ, ㄏㄨㄣˇ ㄒㄧㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁶ ngaau⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hūn-gâu / hūn-hâu / hūn-hiâu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hung⁶ ngao⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hùnxiáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄒㄧㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hùnsiáo
    • Wade–Giles: hun⁴-hsiao²
    • Yale: hwùn-syáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huennshyau
    • Palladius: хуньсяо (xunʹsjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hùnyáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄧㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hùnyáo
    • Wade–Giles: hun⁴-yao²
    • Yale: hwùn-yáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huennyau
    • Palladius: хуньяо (xunʹjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən⁵¹ jɑʊ̯³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, nonstandard or dialectal)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hǔnxiáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˇ ㄒㄧㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hǔnsiáo
    • Wade–Giles: hun³-hsiao²
    • Yale: hwǔn-syáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hoenshyau
    • Palladius: хуньсяо (xunʹsjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: wan⁶ ngaau⁴
    • Yale: wahn ngàauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁶ ngaau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wen⁶ ngao⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn²² ŋaːu̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn-gâu
    • Tâi-lô: hūn-gâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huxn'gaau
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹⁻²² ɡau²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn-hâu
    • Tâi-lô: hūn-hâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huxnhaau
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hun²²⁻²¹ hau²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn-hiâu
    • Tâi-lô: hūn-hiâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huxnhiaau
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun²²⁻²¹ hiau¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hung⁶ ngao⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hŭng ngâu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ ŋau⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: hwonX haew

Rime
Character	混	淆
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	胡本切	胡茅切
Baxter	hwonX	haew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuənX/	/ɦˠau/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuonX/	/ɦᵚau/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuənX/	/ɣau/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwənX/	/ɦaɨw/
Li Rong	/ɣuənX/	/ɣau/
Wang Li	/ɣuənX/	/ɣau/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuənX/	/ɣau/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hùn	xiáo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wan6	haau4

Verb

混淆

1. to obscure; to blur; to mix up

Synonyms

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• 串
• 亂／乱 (luàn) (literary, or in compounds)
• 交插 (Hokkien)
• 夾雜／夹杂 (jiāzá)
• 廝混／厮混 (sīhùn)
• 拍濫／拍滥 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 拍相濫／拍相滥 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 插雜／插杂 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 摻和／掺和
• 摻濫／掺滥 (Hokkien)
• 摻雜／掺杂 (chānzá)
• 模糊
• 混同 (hùntóng)
• 混合
• 混雜／混杂
• 相濫／相滥 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 羼雜／羼杂 (chànzá)

 

Derived terms

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