獨自

See also: 独自

Chinese

		alone; independent; single alone; independent; single; sole; only	from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since
trad. (獨自)		獨	自
simp. (独自)		独	自

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dúzì

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨˊ ㄗˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): duk⁶ zi⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): to̍k-chīr / to̍k-chū

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dúzì
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˊ ㄗˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dúzìh
    • Wade–Giles: tu²-tzŭ⁴
    • Yale: dú-dz̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dwutzyh
    • Palladius: дуцзы (duczy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: duk⁶ zi⁶
    • Yale: duhk jih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: duk⁹ dzi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: dug⁶ ji⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊk̚² t͡siː²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: to̍k-chīr
    • Tâi-lô: to̍k-tsīr
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sɯ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: to̍k-chū
    • Tâi-lô: to̍k-tsū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dogzu
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡su³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡su²²/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡su²²/

Adverb

獨自

1. alone; by oneself; solitary

   • 獨自莫憑欄，無限江山。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     独自莫凭栏，无限江山。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 10th century CE, Li Yu, 浪淘沙令·簾外雨潺潺

     Dúzì mò píng lán, wúxiàn jiāngshān. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

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• 一個人／一个人 (yīgèrén)
• 一家頭／一家头 (⁷iq-ka-deu) (Shanghainese)
• 一手
• 單個／单个 (dāngè)
• 單獨／单独 (dāndú)
• 獨個／独个 (dúgè)
• 空身 (kōngshēn)
• 隻身／只身 (zhīshēn) (literary)