辞書
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 辞 | 書 |
| じ Grade: 4 |
しょ Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 辭書 (kyūjitai) |
A repurposing of older term 辞書 (jisho, “letter of resignation”, see below), based on a reanalysis of the constituent characters 辞 (ji, “resignation, quitting; word”) + 書 (sho, “writing, record, document, book”). Influenced by (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese-derived term 辞典 (jiten, “dictionary”), wherein the 辞 character expresses the meaning word from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 辭／辞 (zi), instead of the meaning resignation or quitting from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 辤 (zi). Note that both of these older character forms were later conflated in both (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Japanese and (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Chinese into the simplified version 辞, with the word meaning becoming dominant in (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Chinese.
First appearance in Japanese with the dictionary sense might be the 1595 publication by the Jesuits of the 羅葡日辞書 (Ra-Ho-Nichi Jisho, “Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Dictionary”), alternate title Dictionarium Latino Lusitanicum, ac Iaponicum.[1]
Compare modern (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Mandarin 辭書／辞书 (císhū, “dictionary, lexicon”), possibly reborrowed from or otherwise influenced by the Japanese.
Pronunciation
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Noun
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- a dictionary (publication that explains the meanings of an ordered list of words)
Synonyms
See also
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 辞 | 書 |
| じ Grade: 4 |
しょ Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 辭書 (kyūjitai) |
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese compound 辤書／辤书 (zi syo, literally “quit + writing”).
Pronunciation
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Noun
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- a letter of resignation
- a formal document of abdication when one emperor steps down and a new emperor ascends the throne
Synonyms
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 辞 | 書 |
| じ Grade: 4 |
そ Grade: 2 |
| irregular | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 辭書 (kyūjitai) |
The 直音表記 (chokuon hyōki, literally “straight-sound spelling”) of jisho above. Most common from the Heian through the Muromachi periods.[2]
It is unclear if the pronunciation itself also shifted, or just the spelling.
Pronunciation
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Noun
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- (obsolete) a letter of resignation
References
- ^ 1984, 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, relevant text online here. Note the typo in the Latin name as listed in this source, showing Dictionaricum instead of the correct Dictionarium.
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Japanese terms spelled with 辞 read as じ
- Japanese terms spelled with 書 read as しょ
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms spelled with 辞
- Japanese terms spelled with 書
- Japanese terms read with irregular kanji readings
- Japanese terms with obsolete senses
- Japanese basic words
- ja:Dictionaries