驚く

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
おどろ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative forms

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū. Ultimate derivation unclear. Possibilities include:

  • Cognate with, or otherwise alteration from, 轟く (todoroku, to make a loud noise, as when surprised)
  • Derived from apparent conjugation form odo from 怖づ (odu, odzu, to be afraid, to be scared of something, modern verb 怖じる, ojiru), plus uncertain suffix -roku

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "驚く"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
驚く どろ [òdóróꜜkù]
Imperative (命令形) 驚け どろ [òdóróꜜkè]
Key constructions
Passive 驚かれる どろかれ [òdórókáréꜜrù]
Causative 驚かせる どろかせ [òdórókáséꜜrù]
Potential 驚ける どろけ [òdórókéꜜrù]
Volitional 驚こう どろこ [òdórókóꜜò]
Negative 驚かない どろかない [òdórókáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 驚かなかった どろかなかった [òdórókáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 驚きます どろきま [òdórókímáꜜsù]
Perfective 驚いた どろいた [òdóróꜜìtà]
Conjunctive 驚いて どろいて [òdóróꜜìtè]
Hypothetical conditional 驚けば どろけば [òdóróꜜkèbà]

Verb

(おどろ) (odorokuintransitive godan (stem (おどろ) (odoroki), past (おどろ)いた (odoroita))

  1. to be astonished, surprised, amazed, startled
    • 2011, Barack Obama, 中東と北アフリカに関するバラク・オバマの演説, translation of "Remarks by the President on the Middle East and North Africa":
      この革命(かくめい)物語(ものがたり)やその(あと)出来事(できごと)は、(おどろ)()たらない。
      Kono kakumei no monogatari ya sono ato no dekigoto wa, odoroku ni ataranai.
      The story of this revolution, and the ones that followed, should not have come as a surprise.
    • 1956 Kawabata, Snow Country
      (かれ)(おどる)いて(はな)させると(ふか)歯型(はがた)がついていた。
      Kare ga odoruite hanasaseru to fukai hagata ga tsuite ita.
      Startled, he pulled her arm away: deep tooth marks were on it.

Conjugation

References