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Egyptian
Pronunciation
Verb
2-lit.
( intransitive , of fire) to burn
( intransitive ) to be consumed by fire , to burn (+ m : to be burned by (fire))
( transitive ) to cause to be consumed by fire , to burn (+ m : to burn with (fire))
Inflection
Conjugation of ꜣm (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ꜣm , geminated stem: ꜣmm
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
ꜣm
ꜣmw , ꜣm
ꜣmt
ꜣm , j.ꜣm
ꜣm , j.ꜣm
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
ꜣm
ḥr ꜣm
m ꜣm
r ꜣm
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
ꜣm.n
ꜣmw , ꜣm
consecutive
ꜣm.jn
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
ꜣmt
perfective 3
ꜣm
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
obligative1
ꜣm.ḫr
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
ꜣm , j.ꜣm 1
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
ꜣm
ꜣmm
potentialis1
ꜣm.kꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
ꜣm , j.ꜣm 1
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
ꜣm.n
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
—
—
perfective
ꜣm
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
ꜣm
ꜣmm , ꜣmmj 6 , ꜣm 2 , ꜣmw 2 5 , ꜣmy 2 5
imperfective
j.ꜣm 1 , ꜣm , ꜣmy , ꜣmw 5
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
j.ꜣm 1 , j.ꜣmw 1 5 , ꜣm , ꜣmj 6 , ꜣmy 6
ꜣm , ꜣmw 5
prospective
ꜣm , ꜣmtj 7
—
ꜣmtj 4 , ꜣmt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f /.fj , feminine .s /.sj , dual .sn /.snj , plural .sn .
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
References
Erman, Adolf , Grapow, Hermann (1926 ) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache [1] , volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN , pages 10.1–10.3
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962 ) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian , Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN , page 3