𐌰𐍂𐌰

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *arô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō. Cognate with Old English earn, Old High German aro, Old Norse ǫrn, and Hittite 𒄩𒀀𒊏𒀸 (ḫāras).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.ra/

Noun

𐌰𐍂𐌰 • (ara) m

2. (hapax legomenon) eagle (bird)
   • 4th century CE, Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 17:37:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌰𐍆𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌿𐌽 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰: 𐍈𐌰𐍂, 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰? 𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌹𐌼: 𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺, 𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐍂𐌴 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐍃𐌹𐌺 𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽𐍃.

     jah andhafjandans qēþun du imma: ƕar, frauja? iþ is qaþ im: þarei leik, jaindrē galisand sik arans.

     And they answered and said unto him, Where, Lord? And he said unto them, Wheresoever the body is, thither will the eagles be gathered together. (KJV).

Declension

Only attested in the nominative plural 𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽𐍃 (arans). This noun followed a declension similar to 𐌰𐌱𐌰 (aba) in Proto-Germanic, so it is likely at least some of the forms had a stem *𐌰𐍂𐌽- (*arn-), but the distribution of these forms in the paradigm, if any such forms existed, is unknown.

Masculine an-stem

	singular	plural
nominative	𐌰𐍂𐌰 ara	𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽𐍃 arans
vocative	𐌰𐍂𐌰 ara	𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽𐍃 arans
accusative	𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽 aran	𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽𐍃 arans
genitive	𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌽𐍃 arins	𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌴 aranē
dative	𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌽 arin	𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌼 aram

Hypernyms

• 𐍆𐌿𐌲𐌻𐍃 (fugls, “bird”)

Coordinate terms

• 𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌺𐍃 (ahaks, “pigeon, dove”)
• 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 (hana, “rooster, cock”)
• 𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌿𐌱𐍉 (hraiwadūbo, “turtledove”)
• 𐍃𐍀𐌰𐍂𐍅𐌰 (sparwa, “sparrow”)

Further reading

• Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986), “A191. *ara”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 40
• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 11