-ակ

See also: ակ and Appendix:Variations of "ak"

Armenian

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Armenian -ակ (-ak).

Pronunciation

• (Eastern Armenian) IPA^(key): /ɑk/, [ɑk]
• (Western Armenian) IPA^(key): /ɑɡ/, [ɑɡ]

Suffix

-ակ • (-ak)

1. forming diminutives

   գետակ ― getak ― rivulet

   տնակ ― tnak ― little house

2. forming names of things (tools) or people performing some action

   սուզակ ― suzak ― diver

   սահնակ ― sahnak ― sled, sleigh

Synonyms

• (diminutive): -իկ (-ik), -ուկ (-uk)

Derived terms

Armenian terms suffixed with -ակ

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Old Armenian

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl]  *-ak, *-āk. Compare Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (-k' /⁠-ag⁠/), Persian ـه (-e). The suffix in its agent-noun-forming function is found in the following wholly borrowed terms: դերձակ (derjak), վարձակ (varjak), պատմուճակ (patmučak), նուիրակ (nuirak) and perhaps աւազակ (awazak).

Suffix

-ակ • (-ak)

1. forming diminutives from nominal stems

   աթոռ ― atʻoṙ ― chair

   աթոռակ ― atʻoṙak ― small chair

   նաւ ― naw ― ship

   նաւակ ― nawak ― boat

2. forming agent nouns from verbal stems

   գտանեմ ― gtanem ― to find, invent

   գտակ ― gtak ― inventor

   լողամ ― lołam ― to swim

   լողակ ― lołak ― swimmer

3. forming adjectives

   բոլորակ ― bolorak ― circular

4. forming nouns from verbs

   է ― ē ― is

   էակ ― ēak ― being

5. forming nouns from adjectives, adverbs and pronouns

   քանի ― kʻani ― how many?

   քանակ ― kʻanak ― quantity

Declension

i-a-type

	singular		plural
nominative	-ակ (-ak)		-ակք (-akkʻ)
genitive	-ակի (-aki)		-ակաց (-akacʻ)
dative	-ակի (-aki)		-ակաց (-akacʻ)
accusative	-ակ (-ak)		-ակս (-aks)
ablative	-ակէ (-akē)		-ակաց (-akacʻ)
instrumental	-ակաւ (-akaw)		-ակաւք = -ակօք (-akawkʻ = -akōkʻ)
locative	-ակի (-aki)		-ակս (-aks)

Synonyms

• (diminutive): -իկ (-ik), -ուկ (-uk)

Derived terms

Old Armenian terms suffixed with -ակ

Related terms

• աւերակ (awerak)
• հրովարտակ (hrovartak)

Descendants

• Armenian: -ակ (-ak)

Further reading

• Асатрян, Г. С. (2013) “Парфянское gōsān [Parthian gōsān]”, in С. Р. Тохтасьев, П. Б. Лурье, editors, Commentationes Iranicae. Сборник статей к 90-летию Владимира Ароновича Лившица‎^[1] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya, →ISBN, page 103 of 102–105
• Gočanean, Pōġos (2011) Dasakan grabari gorcnakan kʻerakanutʻiwn [Practical Grammar of Classical Old Armenian]‎^[2] (in Armenian), Vienna and Yerevan: Mekhitarist Press, page 64
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1998) “-ակ”, in Hin hayereni verǰacancʻneri cagumə [The Origin of Old Armenian Suffixes] (Hayocʻ lezvi hamematakan kʻerakanutʻyan harcʻer; 2) (in Armenian), Yerevan: Anania Širakacʻi, pages 5–48