-ec

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ec"

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьcь.

Suffix

-ec m anim or m inan (noun-forming suffix)

1. appended to nouns to form an agent noun; used only on composite nouns expressing fields of knowledge

   ‎dějepis + ‎-ec → ‎dějepisec (“historian”)

2. appended to a country name root to form a demonym; used generally on country names which have roots ending with -j, -l, -m, -n, -r, -v; the root is formed by dropping the -ie or -sko suffix

   ‎Portugalsko + ‎-ec → ‎Portugalec (“Portuguese”)

3. appended to nouns to derive a specialized substantive, most often in terminology

   ‎vzor + ‎-ec → ‎vzorec (“formula”)

4. appended to adjective to form a noun describing somebody or something having the specific quality

   ‎zbabělý + ‎-ec → ‎zbabělec (“coward”)

5. appended to a verb to form an agent noun

   ‎plavat + ‎-ec → ‎plavec (“swimmer”)

6. (dated, dialectal) appended to a noun to form a diminutive

   ‎chlap + ‎-ec → ‎chlapec

Declension

when animate:

Declension of -ec (soft masculine animate reducible)

	singular	plural
nominative	-ec	-ci
genitive	-ce	-ců
dative	-covi, -ci	-cům
accusative	-ce	-ce
vocative	-če	-ci
locative	-covi, -ci	-cích
instrumental	-cem	-ci

when inanimate:

Declension of -ec (soft masculine inanimate reducible)

	singular	plural
nominative	-ec	-ce
genitive	-ce	-ců
dative	-ci	-cům
accusative	-ec	-ce
vocative	-ci	-ce
locative	-ci	-cích
instrumental	-cem	-ci

Derived terms

Czech terms suffixed with -ec

Related terms

• -kyně (feminine form)

See also

• -inec

Further reading

• -ec in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Polish

Alternative forms

• -iec

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьcь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛt͡s/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛt͡s
• Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

Suffix

-ec m (feminine -ca, neuter -ce)

1. forms masculine nouns

   Synonym: -elec

   ‎strzelić + ‎-ec → ‎strzelec

Declension

Masculine personal:

Declension of -ec

	singular	plural
nominative	-ec	-cy
genitive	-ca	-ców
dative	-cowi	-com
accusative	-ca	-ców
instrumental	-cem	-cami
locative	-cu	-cach
vocative	-cu	-cy

Masculine animate:

Declension of -ec

	singular	plural
nominative	-ec	-ce
genitive	-ca	-ców
dative	-cowi	-com
accusative	-ca	-ce
instrumental	-cem	-cami
locative	-cu	-cach
vocative	-cu	-ce

Masculine inanimate:

Declension of -ec

	singular	plural
nominative	-ec	-ce
genitive	-cu	-ców
dative	-cowi	-com
accusative	-ec	-ce
instrumental	-cem	-cami
locative	-cu	-cach
vocative	-cu	-ce

Masculine surnames:

Declension of -ec

	singular	plural
nominative	-ec	-cowie
genitive	-ca	-ców
dative	-cowi	-com
accusative	-ca	-ców
instrumental	-cem	-cami
locative	-cu	-cach
vocative	-cu	-cowie

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -ec

Further reading

• -ec in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьcь.

Suffix

-ec m

1. appended to nouns to form an agent noun; used only on composite nouns expressing fields of knowledge

   dejepisec (“historian”), from dejepis (“history”) +‎ -ec

2. appended to a country name root to form a demonym; used generally on country names which have roots ending with -j, -l, -m, -n, -r, -v; the root is formed by dropping the -ia or -sko suffix

   Portugalec (“a man from Portugal”), from Portugalsko (“Portugal”) +‎ -ec

3. appended to nouns to derive a specialized substantive, most often in terminology

   vzorec (“formula”), from vzor (“model”) +‎ -ec

4. appended to adjective to form a noun describing somebody or something having the specific quality

   zbabelec (“coward”), from zbabelý (“faint-hearted”) +‎ -ec

5. appended to a verb to form an agent noun

   plavec (“swimmer”), from plávať (“to swim”) +‎ -ec

Derived terms

Slovak terms suffixed with -ec

Related terms

• -kyňa (feminine form)