Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leyd-: difference between revisions

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rm Pokorny ref from PIt. *loidō, he's just mentioning epigraphic attestations of the noun ludus. rm Rix ref from root "to play", that's the opposite of what he's saying. add the refs which support the single root, with the exact passage highlighted. rm Demiraj refs, they're best kept at the Albanian entries, and he's claiming *h₂el-, not *h₁lewdʰ-: it's Jokl who says that, but *leunda can't give lind.
my mistake, the IEW *loid- reconstruction was meant for the PC. The Leiden books are just citing LIV and we don't need to recite it every time it's mentioned, just the original source -- they aren'
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===Root===
===Root===
{{ine-root}}<ref name="LIV_leid">{{R:ine:LIV|lei̯d-|pages=402–403}}</ref><ref>{{R:itc:EDL|lūdō, -ere|pages=350–351}}</ref><ref name=Matasović>{{R:cel:EDPC|246|head=loyd-o-}}</ref><ref name=Derksen>{{R:bat:EDBIL|277|leisti}}</ref>
{{ine-root}}<ref name="LIV_leid">{{R:ine:LIV|lei̯d-|pages=402–403}}</ref>


# {{senseid|ine-pro|let}} to [[let]], [[allow]]
# {{senseid|ine-pro|let}} to [[let]], [[allow]]
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====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
* {{l|ine-pro||*léyd-ti ~ *lid-énti|pos=athematic root present}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
* {{l|ine-pro||*léyd-ti ~ *lid-énti|pos=athematic root present}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
** {{desc|ine-bsl-pro|*lēiˀstei|alt=*léiˀstei}}<ref name=Derksen/> {{see desc}}
** {{desc|ine-bsl-pro|*lēiˀstei|alt=léiˀstei}}<ref>{{R:bat:EDBIL|277|leisti}}</ref> {{see desc}}


* {{l|ine-pro||*le-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti|pos=reduplicated athematic root present}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
* {{l|ine-pro||*le-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti|pos=reduplicated athematic root present}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
Line 16: Line 16:


* {{l|ine-pro||*li-né-d-ti ~ *li-n-d-énti|pos=nasal-infix present}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
* {{l|ine-pro||*li-né-d-ti ~ *li-n-d-énti|pos=nasal-infix present}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*linda|unc=1}}<ref name="Orel" />
** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*linda}}<ref name="Orel" /> {{q|or {{l|sqj-pro||*leunda}} ⇐ {{l|sqj-pro||*leuda}}<ref name="Demiraj">{{R:sq:Demiraj|lind|pages=243-244}}</ref>}}
*** {{desc|sq|lind|t1=to bear, give birth|lindem|t2=to be born}}
*** {{desc|sq|lind|t1=to bear, give birth|lindem|t2=to be born}}


* {{l|ine-pro||*loyd-éye-ti|pos=eye-iterative}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
* {{l|ine-pro||*loyd-éye-ti|pos=eye-iterative}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*laida|unc=1}}<ref name="Orel" />
** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*laida}}<ref name="Orel" /> {{q|or {{l|sqj-pro||*leuda}} < {{l|ine-pro|*h₁lewdʰ-|t=to grow}}<ref name="Demiraj" />}}
*** {{desc|sq|le}} {{q|dialectal}}
*** {{desc|sq|le}} {{q|dialectal}}
*** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*laidnja|der=1}}<ref name="Orel">{{R:sq:Orel|lej|217}}</ref>
*** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*laidnja|der=1}}<ref name="Orel">{{R:sq:Orel|lej|217}}</ref> {{q|or {{l|sqj-pro||*leudnja}}<ref name="Demiraj" />}}
**** {{desc|sq|lej|t=to bear, give birth}}
**** {{desc|sq|lej|t=to bear, give birth}}
** {{desc|ine-bsl-pro|*laidīˀti}}
** {{desc|ine-bsl-pro|*laidīˀti}}
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* {{l|ine-pro||*loyd-eh₂}}
* {{l|ine-pro||*loyd-eh₂}}
** {{desc|cel-pro|*loydā|unc=1}}<ref name=Matasović/>
** {{desc|cel-pro|*loydā|unc=1}}<ref>{{R:cel:EDPC|246|head=loyd-o-}}</ref>
*** {{desc|sga|loíd}}
*** {{desc|sga|loíd}}
**** {{desc|mga|láed|laíd}}
**** {{desc|mga|láed|laíd}}
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***** {{desc|gd|laoidh}}
***** {{desc|gd|laoidh}}


====References====
===References===
<references/>
<references/>


===Root===
===Root===
{{rfd|ine-pro}}
{{rfd|ine-pro}}
{{ine-root}}<ref>{{R:ine:IEW|666|head=leid-}}</ref><ref>{{R:ine:EIEC|head=*loid-|434}}</ref>
{{ine-root}}<ref name="IEW">{{R:ine:IEW|666|head=leid-}}</ref><ref>{{R:ine:EIEC|head=*loid-|434}}</ref><ref name="LIV">{{R:ine:LIV|lei̯d-|pages=402–403}}</ref>


# {{senseid|ine-pro|play}} to [[play]], [[contend]]
# {{senseid|ine-pro|play}} to [[play]], [[contend]]


====Reconstruction notes====
====Reconstruction notes====
{{w|Helmut Rix|Rix}} suggests that this root derives from the root above.<ref name="LIV" />
Descendants of this root are suggeted to be descendants of the root above with semantical development.<ref name="LIV">{{R:ine:LIV|lei̯d-|pages=402–403}}</ref><ref name=deVaan>{{R:itc:EDL|lūdō, -ere|pages=350–351|passage=*loid- ‘to let go frequently, play’ {{...}} Alb. ''lind'' {{...}} Lith. ''léisti''}}</ref><ref name=Matasović>{{R:cel:EDPC|246|head=loyd-o-|passage=*leyd- ‘let go, play’ {{...}} Lith. ''láidyti''}}</ref><ref>{{R:bat:EDBIL|277|leisti|passage=Lat. ''lūdere'' {{...}} MIr. ''laídid''}}</ref>


====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
* {{l|ine-pro||*lé-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti|pos=reduplicated athematic root present}}<ref name="LIV" />
* {{l|ine-pro||*lé-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti|pos=reduplicated athematic root present}}<ref name="LIV" />
** {{desc|itc-pro|alt=*loidō}}<ref name=deVaan/>
** {{desc|itc-pro|alt=*loidō}}<ref>{{R:itc:EDL|lūdō, -ere|pages=350–351}}</ref>
*** {{desc|la|lūdō|t=to play}}
*** {{desc|la|lūdō|t=to play}}


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* {{l|ine-pro||*loyd-éye-ti|pos=eye-iterative}}<ref name="LIV" />
* {{l|ine-pro||*loyd-éye-ti|pos=eye-iterative}}<ref name="LIV" />
** {{desc|cel-pro|*loydīti}}
** {{desc|cel-pro|*loydīti}}<ref name="IEW" />
*** {{desc|sga|laídid|t=exhort, incite}}<ref name=Matasović/>
*** {{desc|sga|laídid|t=exhort, incite}}<ref>{{R:cel:EDPC|246|head=loyd-o-}}</ref>
**** {{desc|mga|laídid}}
**** {{desc|mga|laídid}}


====References====
===References===
<references/>
<references/>

Revision as of 21:58, 1 July 2023

 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*leyd-[1]

  2. to let, allow
  3. to let go, release

Derived terms

  • *léyd-ti ~ *lid-énti (athematic root present)[1]
    • Lua error in Module:links at line 217: The specified language Proto-Balto-Slavic is unattested, while the given word is not marked with '*' to indicate that it is reconstructed.[2] (see there for further descendants)
  • *le-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti (reduplicated athematic root present)[1]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *laiˀstei (see there for further descendants)
  • *li-né-d-ti ~ *li-n-d-énti (nasal-infix present)[1]
    • Proto-Albanian: *linda[3] (or *leunda ⇐ *leuda[4])
      • Albanian: lind (“to bear, give birth”), lindem (“to be born”)
  • *loyd-éye-ti (eye-iterative)[1]
    • Proto-Albanian: *laida[3] (or *leuda < *h₁lewdʰ- (“to grow”)[4])
      • Albanian: le (dialectal)
      • ⇒ Proto-Albanian: *laidnja[3] (or *leudnja[4])
        • Albanian: lej (“to bear, give birth”)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *laidīˀti
      • Lithuanian: láidyti (“to let, let go, start moving”)
  • *leid-sk-to-s[5]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: láiškas (“letter”)
      • Latvian: laiska (“leaf”)
      • Old Prussian: lāiskas (“booklet”)
      • Proto-Slavic: *listъ (“letter”) (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “lei̯d-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 402–403
  2. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “leisti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 277
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “lej”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 217
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Demiraj, B. (1997) “lind”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎[1] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 243-244
  5. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “laiškas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 270–271
  6. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “loyd-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 246

Root

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*leyd-[1][2][3]

  2. to play, contend

Reconstruction notes

Rix suggests that this root derives from the root above.[3]

Derived terms

  • *lé-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti (reduplicated athematic root present)[3]
    • Proto-Italic: *loidō[4]
  • *lid-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “leid-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 666
  2. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*loid-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 434
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “lei̯d-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 402–403
  4. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “lūdō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 350–351
  5. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “loyd-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 246
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