ꜣms

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑmɛs/
  • Conventional anglicization: ames

Etymology 1

From ꜣm (“is grasped”) +‎ .s (“she, it”) or ꜣm (“is grasped”) +‎ sj (“she, it”), thus literally ‘it is grasped’.

Noun

 m

1. a type of club or mace, the ames-sceptre, used as a weapon by the king and the gods [since the Pyramid Texts]
2. an epithet of the god Osiris [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Declension of ꜣms (masculine)

singular	ꜣms
dual	ꜣmswj
plural	ꜣmsw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣms  

ꜣms	ꜣms	ꜣms	jms	ꜣms	ꜣms
			[Late Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to wield the ames-sceptre [Pyramid Texts]

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜣms (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜣms, geminated stem: ꜣmss

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ꜣms	ꜣmsw, ꜣms	ꜣmst	ꜣms	ꜣms

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ꜣms	ḥr ꜣms	m ꜣms	r ꜣms

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	ꜣms.n	consecutive	ꜣms.jn
terminative	ꜣmst
perfective3	ꜣms	obligative1	ꜣms.ḫr
imperfective	ꜣms
prospective3	ꜣms	potentialis1	ꜣms.kꜣ
subjunctive	ꜣms

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	ꜣms.n	—	—
perfective	ꜣms	ꜣms	ꜣms, ꜣmsw5, ꜣmsy5
imperfective	ꜣms, ꜣmsy, ꜣmsw5	ꜣms, ꜣmsj6, ꜣmsy6	ꜣms, ꜣmsw5
prospective	ꜣms, ꜣmstj7	ꜣmstj4, ꜣmst4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Etymology 2

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) Only used in ꜣms-jb (“to be(come) happy, to be(come) cordial”)

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜣms (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜣms, geminated stem: ꜣmss

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ꜣms	ꜣmsw, ꜣms	ꜣmst	ꜣms	ꜣms

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ꜣms	ḥr ꜣms	m ꜣms	r ꜣms

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ꜣms.n	ꜣmsw, ꜣms	consecutive	ꜣms.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ꜣmst
perfective3	ꜣms	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ꜣms.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ꜣms	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ꜣms	ꜣmss	potentialis1	ꜣms.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ꜣms	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ꜣms.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ꜣms	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜣms	ꜣms, ꜣmsw5, ꜣmsy5
imperfective	ꜣms, ꜣmsy, ꜣmsw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜣms, ꜣmsj6, ꜣmsy6	ꜣms, ꜣmsw5
prospective	ꜣms, ꜣmstj7	—	ꜣmstj4, ꜣmst4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

See the forms at ꜣms-jb.

Etymology 3

Noun

 m

1. Alternative form of jwms (“exaggeration, nonsense”)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 11.3–11.7, 11
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 3