phạm

See also: phàm, phẩm, and Phạm

Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 犯.

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [faːm˧˨ʔ]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [faːm˨˩ʔ]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [faːm˨˩˨]
• Homophone: Phạm

Verb

phạm

1. to commit a crime, or to violate (from phạm luật)

   phạm luật

   to violate the law

2. to violate (from xâm phạm or vi phạm)

Noun

phạm

1. Clipping of phạm nhân (“criminal”).
2. (archaic) grammar (from văn phạm)
3. rules and regulations (from quy phạm)
4. range, scope, limit, extent (from vi phạm)