wʾčʾl

Middle Persian

Etymology

Probably from *wahā-čā̆rana- (“market”, literally “trade-walkabout”) — the first and latter elements whereof ultimately deriving from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to buy, sell”) (compare Persian بها (bahâ)) and *kʷel- (“to turn, revolve”) respectively.

Cognate with Gilaki واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”), Mazanderani واجار (vājār, “known, famous”) (in the sense of revealing something in front of everyone in a bazaar), Sogdian 𐫇𐫀𐫝𐫡𐫗‎ (wʾcrn‎, “market, bazaar”), Bactrian οασαρο (oasaro, “market”). Akin to the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian վաճառ (vačaṙ, “market; trade”), Old Georgian ვაჭარი (vač̣ari, “merchant”), Aghwan 𐕛𐔰𐕖𐔰𐕙 (vačar, “Jew”).

Noun

wʾčʾl • (/wāzār/)

1. market, bazaar

Derived terms

• [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾčʾlkʾn' /⁠wāzāragān⁠/, “merchant”)
• [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾčʾlkʾnyh /⁠wāzār(a)gānīh⁠/, “trade”)
• 𐭥𐭠𐭰𐭠𐭫𐭯𐭲 (wʾčʾlpt /⁠wāzārbed⁠/)

Descendants

• Persian: بازار (bâzâr) (see there for further descendants)

References

• Benveniste, Émile (1969) Le vocabulaire des institutions indo-européennes (in French), volume I, Paris: Les Éditions de Minuit, page 126
• Gharib, B. (1995) “wʾčʾl”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 396b
• Henning, W. B. (1977) Selected Papers (Acta Iranica; 14)‎^[1], volume I, Tehran and Liège: Bibliothèque Pahlavi, page 530a
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “wāzār”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 89
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 535
• “BĀZĀR”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York, 1989