γόνος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• γοῦνος (goûnos) — Ionic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵónh₁os (“race”). Equivalent to γίγνομαι (gígnomai) +‎ -ος (-os). Cognate to Sanskrit जन (jana, “human, race, people”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡó.nos/ → /ˈɣo.nos/ → /ˈɣo.nos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡó.nos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡo.nos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɣo.nos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈɣo.nos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈɣo.nos/

Noun

γόνος • (gónos) m or f (genitive γόνου); second declension

(feminine)

1. That which is begotten: child, grandchild, offspring

(masculine)

1. fruit, product
2. race, stock, descent
3. procreation, begetting
4. seed
5. genitals

Declension

Second declension of ὁ, ἡ γόνος; τοῦ, τῆς γόνου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ, ἡ γόνος ho, hē gónos	τὼ γόνω tṑ gónō	οἱ, αἱ γόνοι hoi, hai gónoi
Genitive	τοῦ, τῆς γόνου toû, tês gónou	τοῖν γόνοιν toîn gónoin	τῶν γόνων tôn gónōn
Dative	τῷ, τῇ γόνῳ tôi, têi gónōi	τοῖν γόνοιν toîn gónoin	τοῖς, ταῖς γόνοις toîs, taîs gónois
Accusative	τὸν, τὴν γόνον tòn, tḕn gónon	τὼ γόνω tṑ gónō	τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς γόνους toùs, tā̀s gónous
Vocative	γόνε góne	γόνω gónō	γόνοι gónoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

• γεννάω (gennáō)
• γίγνομαι (gígnomai)
• γένος (génos)

References

• “γόνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γόνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “γόνος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• γόνος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γόνος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• γόνος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “γόνος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • child idem, page 129.
  • offspring idem, page 571.
  • progeny idem, page 653.
  • son idem, page 793.