Dolch

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See also: dolch

German

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Etymology

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Uncertain. First attested in the mid-15th century in Upper German texts as Dolch, then also Dollich, Tolch. At first mostly with weak declension (dem Dolchen). The formerly held assumption of a Slavic origin has been abandoned (older Czech tulich is instead a German borrowing).

The word is now mostly derived ultimately from Latin dolo (pike, dagger),[1] but the origin of the velar remains unclear.[2][3] It may be due to conflation with a descendant of Proto-West Germanic *dalk, *dolk (pin, needle, clasp), which is entirely unattested in Continental West Germanic, only being found in Old English dalc, dolc (brooch, buckle, clasp)). Another theory[4] links it to Middle French dollequin (ca. 1400), from Old French dolequin, itself likely from Middle Dutch *dollekijn, a diminutive of Middle Dutch dolle (“dagger”, mid-14th c.), likely from the Latin.[5] Compare early Dutch dolleken, dolck, dolch (modern Dutch dolk).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /dɔlç/, [dɔlç], [-ʎç], [-ltç], (southern also) [-lx]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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Dolch m (strong, genitive Dolches or Dolchs, plural Dolche)

  1. dagger

Declension

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Hypernyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Middle Low German: dolk, dollich (16th c.)
  • Dutch: dolk (16th c.)
  • Czech: tulich
  • Kashubian: dolch

References

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  1. ^ Dolo”, in: Harry Thurston Peck, Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, 1898, Harper & Brothers
  2. ^ Dolch”, in: Wolfgang Pfeifer et al., Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen, 1993, published at www.dwds.de
  3. ^ “Dolch”, in: Kluge/Seebold, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, 24th ed., 2002, de Gruyter
  4. ^ Dolch”, in: Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm, 2nd ed., 1965-2018, published at www.dwds.de
  5. ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “dolk1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Further reading

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