Dungan

See also: dungan

English

Alternative forms

• Tungan, Tungani, Dungani (dated)

Etymology

From Turkic [Term?], probably via Russian, originally referring to any Hui Chinese. It is an exonym.

Chinese scholar Lin Tao compiles a list of possible etymologies in Donggan yü lungao (2007):

• From Chinese 東甘 / 东甘 (dōng Gān, literally “Eastern Gan[su]”) — by a Russian consul in Ghulja of the name Pavlinov.
• From Chinese 敦煌 (Dūnhuáng, “Dunhuang”, in Gansu) — by M. A. Terentʹjev.
• From Chinese 潼關 / 潼关 (Tóngguān, “Tong Pass”, in Gansu), early site of Bai Yanhu's activity.
• From Turkic turmaq > turupqaighan > tunggan (“stayed behind”) — by scholar С.李双贵.
• From Chinese 東岸 / 东岸 (dōng'àn, literally “eastern coast [or perhaps, eastern side]”), in reference to the Fen River — by Mantarô Hashimoto.

Lin agrees with the 東岸 / 东岸 (dōng'àn) theory, having found during studies individuals who self-identify as 東岸子 / 东岸子.

Hai Feng proposes in 2005 that it is from Chinese 屯墾 / 屯垦 (túnkěn), from late Qing policy regarding Xinjiang.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdʊŋˌɡɑːn/, /ˈdʊŋˌɡæn/
• Rhymes: -ɑːn, -æn

Noun

Dungan pl (plural only)

1. A Muslim people originally from north-west China who currently reside in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia.

Translations

people

• Chinese:

  Dungan: хуэйзў (hueyzw), хуэйхуэй (hueyhuey), хуэйзўжын (hueyzwřɨn), хуэймин (hueymin), җун-янжын (žun-i͡anřɨn) (中原人 (zhōngyuánrén)), лохуэйхуэй (lohueyhuey), дунган (dungan)

  Mandarin: 東干人 (zh) (Dōnggānrén); 東干族 (zh) (Dōnggānzú)

• Czech: Dungan m
• German: Dungane (de) m, Dunganin (de) f
• Japanese: ドンガン人 (ドンガンじん, donganjin)
• Kazakh: дүнген (düñen)
• Kyrgyz: дунган (dungan), дуңган (ky) (duŋgan)
• Russian: дунга́нин (ru) m (dungánin), дунга́нка (ru) f (dungánka)
• Spanish: dungano m
• Turkish: Dungan (tr)
• Uyghur: تۇڭگان (tunggan)
• Uzbek: dungan

See also

• Hui

Proper noun

Dungan

1. The Sinitic language of this people, a variety of Mandarin written in the Cyrillic script.

Translations

language

• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 回回話 / 回回话 (wui⁴ wui⁴ wa^6-2)

  Dungan: хуэйзў йүян (hueyzw yüi͡an) (回族語言／回族语言 (huízú yǔyán)), җун-ян хуа (žun-i͡an hua) (中原話／中原话 (Zhōngyuánhuà))

  Mandarin: 回回話 / 回回话 (huíhuihuà), 東干語 / 东干语 (zh) (dōnggànyǔ), 回族語言 / 回族语言 (huízú yǔyán)

• French: doungane m
• Japanese: ドンガン語 (ドンガンご, dongango)
• Kazakh: дүнген тілі (düñen tılı), дүнгенше (düñenşe)
• Korean: 둥간어 (ko) (dungganeo)
• Kyrgyz: дунган тили (dungan tili), дуңганча (duŋganca)
• Russian: дунга́нский (ru) m (dungánskij), дунга́нский язы́к m (dungánskij jazýk)
• Spanish: dungano m
• Turkmen: dungan dili
• Uyghur: تۇڭگان تىلى (tunggan tili)
• Uzbek: dungan tili

Further reading

• Ethnologue entry for Dungan, dng ⁠

Anagrams

• Dangun