Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-į̄

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-i-h₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ĩː/

Noun

*-į̄ f

1. -th. Forms abstract nouns from adjectives which represent 'the state, quality or measure of' the adjective.

Inflection

īn-stemDeclension of *-į̄ (īn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*-į̄	*-īniz
vocative	*-į̄	*-īniz
accusative	*-īnų	*-īnunz
genitive	*-īniz	*-īnǫ̂
dative	*-īni	*-īmaz
instrumental	*-īnē	*-īmiz

Derived terms

Proto-Germanic īn-stem nouns

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *-ī
  • Old English: -u (even after long syllables, e.g. ieldu, brǣdu)
    • Middle English: -e
  • Old Frisian: -e
    • North Frisian: -e
    • Saterland Frisian: -e
  • Old Saxon: -i
    • Middle Low German: -e
  • Old Dutch: *-i
    • Middle Dutch: -e
      • Dutch: -e
  • Old High German: -ī
    • Middle High German: -e
      • German: -e
• Old Norse: -i
  • Icelandic: -i
  • Faroese: -i
  • Norwegian: -e, -a
• Gothic: -𐌴𐌹 (-ei)