From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Proto-Indo-European
Root
*kʷer- [1] [2]
to do
to make
to build
Synonyms
*yeh₁- ( “ to do, make; act vigorously ” )
*h₂er- ( “ to prepare, make ready ” )
Derived terms
Template:PIE root see
*kʷér-t ~ *kʷr-ént ( root aorist ) [1] [3]
Proto-Anatolian:
Hittite: 𒆪𒅕𒈪 ( ku-er-mi , 1sg.pres.act. ) , 𒆪𒂊𒅕𒍣 ( ku-e-er-zi , “ to cut, to cut up, to cut off ” , 3sg.pres.act. ) , 𒆪𒂊𒅕𒋫 ( ku-e-er-ta , 3sg.pret.act. )
Luwian: [script needed] ( kuwarti )
Proto-Balto-Slavic:
Old Prussian: kūra ( “ he built ” )
Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287 : You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hákart (see there for further descendants )
*kʷér-(h₁)s-eti ~ *kʷér-(h₁)s-onti ( (h₁)se-desiderative ) [1]
Proto-Anatolian:
Hittite: [script needed] ( ku-e-er-šu-un , 1sg.pret.act. ) , [script needed] ( kur-ša-a-i , “ to cut off ” , 2sg.imp.act. )
*kʷér-kʷor- ~ *kʷér-kʷr̥- ( secondary intensive ) [1]
Proto-Anatolian:
Hittite: [script needed] ( kurkuriyat )
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kárkr̥t
*kʷe-kʷór-e ( perfect )
*kʷí-kʷr̥-(h₁)s-eti ~ *kʷí-kʷr̥-(h₁)s-onti ( reduplicated (h₁)se-desiderative ) [1]
*kʷor-éye-ti ~ *kʷor-éy-onti ( éye-causative ) [1]
*kʷ-kʷr̥s-eti ~ *kʷ-kʷr̥s-onti [3]
Proto-Anatolian:
Hittite: [script needed] ( ku-kur-ša-an-t- ) , Hittite: [script needed] ( ku-gur-ša-an-t- , “ to cut up, to mutilate ” , part. )
*kʷr̥-néw-ti ~ *kʷr̥-nw-énti ( néw-present ) [1]
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kr̥náwti (see there for further descendants )
*kʷr̥-sḱ-éti ~ *kʷr̥-sḱ-ónti ( sḱe-present ) [1]
Proto-Anatolian:
Hittite: [script needed] ( kuraski[zzi] , 3sg. ) , [script needed] ( kureskanzi , 3pl. )
*kʷér-mn̥ ~ *kʷr̥-méns
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kárma
Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kárma
Sanskrit: कर्मन् ( kárman , “ act, action ” )
*kʷér-ōr
Ancient Greek: πέλωρ ( pélōr , “ supernatural monster ” )
Greek: πελώριος ( pelórios , “ gigantic, enormous ” )
*kʷór-o-s
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kā́ras
Proto-Iranian: *kā́rah
Middle Persian: [script needed] ( kʾl /kār/ , “ work, deed, affair ” )
Persian: کار ( kār , “ work ” )
*kʷér-tis ~ *kʷr̥-téy-s
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kŕ̥tiš
Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kŕ̥tiṣ
Sanskrit: कृति ( kṛ́ti , “ the act of doing ” )
*kʷér-tu-s ~ *kʷr̥-téw-s
*kʷr̥-tó-s
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kr̥tás (see there for further descendants )
Unsorted formations
Proto-Albanian: *tšerkā
Albanian: sarkë ( “ to build, frame ” )
Proto-Celtic: *kʷritanī , *kʷritenī
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kēr- , *ker- [4]
Lithuanian: kẽras ( “ charm, magic ” ) , kerė́ti ( “ to enchant, charm, bewitch ” ) , kùrti ( “ to do, make, build ” )
Proto-Slavic: *čarъ ( “ magic, sorcery ” ) , *čara ( “ magic, sorcery ” ) [4] (see there for further descendants )
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kar-
Proto-Iranian: *kar-
Middle Persian: 𐭪𐭫𐭩 ( -kly /-gar/ )
References
↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Rix, Helmut , editor (2001 ), “*ku̯ er- ”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs ] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN , page 391
^ Mallory, J. P. , Adams, D. Q. , editors (1997 ), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture , London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 362
↑ 3.0 3.1 Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008 ) “kuer-zi ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN , pages 486-487
↑ 4.0 4.1 Derksen, Rick (2015 ) “kėrai”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13 ), Leiden, Boston: Brill , →ISBN , page 238