keras
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Estonian[edit]
Noun[edit]
keras
Indonesian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Malay keras, from Classical Malay keras, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kəʀas.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
kêras
- hard,
- (of material) Resistant to pressure.
- Roti itu terlalu keras untuk dipotong.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Synonym: kuat
- (figuratively) Demanding a lot of effort to endure.
- (figuratively) Severe, harsh.
- kata-kata keras ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Antonym: lembut
- (of drugs, figuratively) Having a high concentration of an essential or active ingredient; strong.
- Obat keras. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- (of a man, figuratively) Having an erect penis; erect.
- (of material) Resistant to pressure.
- strong
- (of wind, figuratively) Having a lot of power.
- (of disease or symptom, figuratively) Very bad or intense; severe.
- (figuratively) Having an offensive or intense odor.
- (material state) rigid; firm; stiff.
- Ototnya sangat keras dan alot. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Antonym: lembut
- (of foods, figuratively) Difficult to cut or chew; tough.
- (figuratively) Likely to use physical force; violent.
- (of a sound, figuratively) Of great intensity; loud.
- (of water current, figuratively) Moving with great speed; fast.
- Synonym: deras
- (of rainfall, figuratively) very heavy
- (of opinion, figuratively) fixed
- (of price, figuratively) With speed; in a rapid manner; rapidly.
- (of cigarettes, figuratively) Likely cause dizziness
- strong, strict and seriously
Hyponyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “keras” in Online Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language [Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Daring], Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Lithuanian[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *k(ʷ)er(H)-. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *kory (“root”) and Latvian cȩrs (“bush, knotty root of a tree”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
kẽras m (plural keraĩ) stress pattern 4
Declension[edit]
declension of keras
singular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (vardininkas) | kẽras | keraĩ |
genitive (kilmininkas) | kẽro | kerų̃ |
dative (naudininkas) | kẽrui | keráms |
accusative (galininkas) | kẽrą | kerùs |
instrumental (įnagininkas) | kerù | keraĩs |
locative (vietininkas) | kerè | keruosè |
vocative (šauksmininkas) | kẽre | keraĩ |
Etymology 2[edit]
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ker-, *kēr-, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer-. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *čarъ (“magic, sorcery”).
Noun[edit]
kẽras m (plural keraĩ) stress pattern 4
Declension[edit]
declension of keras
singular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (vardininkas) | kẽras | keraĩ |
genitive (kilmininkas) | kẽro | kerų̃ |
dative (naudininkas) | kẽrui | keráms |
accusative (galininkas) | kẽrą | kerùs |
instrumental (įnagininkas) | kerù | keraĩs |
locative (vietininkas) | kerè | keruosè |
vocative (šauksmininkas) | kẽre | keraĩ |
References[edit]
- “keras”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, 237?view=theater page 78f; 237
Malay[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kəʀas.
Adjective[edit]
kĕras (Jawi spelling کرس)
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “keras” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Categories:
- Estonian non-lemma forms
- Estonian noun forms
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian adjectives
- Indonesian terms with usage examples
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian lemmas
- Lithuanian nouns
- Lithuanian masculine nouns
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay lemmas
- Malay adjectives