Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/bʰagás

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This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂g-ó-s, from *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide”) +‎ *-os (deverbal suffix). Possibly related to Old Armenian բակ (bak).[1]

Noun

*bʰagás m

  1. portion, part, share, allotment
  2. fate, destiny
  3. (religion) "the dispenser"; a god

Declension

masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *bʰagás *bʰagā́ *bʰagā́, -ā́s(as)
vocative *bʰaga *bʰagā́ *bʰagā́, -ā́s(as)
accusative *bʰagám *bʰagā́ *bʰagā́ns
instrumental *bʰagā́ *bʰagáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *bʰagā́yš
ablative *bʰagā́t *bʰagáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *bʰagáybʰyas
dative *bʰagā́y *bʰagáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *bʰagáybʰyas
genitive *bʰagásya *bʰagáyās *bʰagā́na(H)m
locative *bʰagáy *bʰagáyaw *bʰagáyšu

Descendants

  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰagás
    • Sanskrit: भग (bhága, “prosperity, well-being, happiness; "dispenser" (epithet of gods); Bhaga (name of a god)”)[2]
  • Proto-Iranian: *bagáh (“portion, share, fate; god”)[3]
    • Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬖𐬀‏ (baγa‏), 𐬠𐬀𐬔𐬀‏ (baga‏, “share, (favourable) lot”)
    • Old Persian: 𐎲𐎥 (b-g /⁠baga⁠/, “god”)
      • Middle Persian: [script needed] (ORHYA), [script needed] (bk'), [script needed] (bg /⁠bay⁠/, “lord, god”) (Book Pahlavi), [script needed] (by /⁠bay⁠/) (Manichaean), 𐭡𐭢𐭩 (bgy /⁠bay⁠/, “lord, (earthly) god; divine”) (Inscriptional Pahlavi)
    • → English: Baghdad
    • → Old Armenian: բագին (bagin), Բագարան (Bagaran), Բագաւան (Bagawan), Բագայառիճ (Bagayaṙič), Բագարատ (Bagarat)
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    • → Proto-Turkic: *bāj (likely)
      • → Proto-Slavic: *bãnъ (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2013) “The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian”, in Journal of Language Relationship‎[1], number 10, page 99
  2. ^ https://archive.org/stream/TheIdeaOfIran/__The_Idea_of_Iran__volume_III__The_Sasanian_Era_djvu.txt
  3. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 48
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