Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hā́fš

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps.

Noun

*Hā́fš f

1. water

Derived terms

• *Hā́pākaH

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Old Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬋 (apō, acc.pl.)
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬞 (ap), 𐬁𐬟𐬱 (āfš, nom.sg.)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Bactrian:

    Manichaean: 𐫏𐫀𐫂 (/⁠āb, āβ⁠/)

  • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (ʾb /⁠āb⁠/)
  • Sogdic: [script needed] (*ā́p)
    • Sogdian: (/ā́p/)

      Buddhist: [script needed] (ʾʾp)

      Christian: [script needed] (ʾp)

      Manichaean: 𐫀𐫀𐫛 (ʾʾp)

    • Yagnobi: ṓp, ōw
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Pashto: آب (āb)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Baluchi: آپ (áp)
  • Kurdish:

    Northern Kurdish: av

    Central Kurdish: ئاو (aw)

    Southern Kurdish: ئاو (aw)

    Laki: ئاو (aw)

  • Proto-Medo-Parthian: *ā́fš
    • Old Median: *ā́fš
    • Tabari:
      • Gilaki: [script needed] (ōv)
      • Mazanderani: او (ow)
    • Zaza-Gurani:
      • Zazaki: awe
      • Gurani: ئاوی (āʋī)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Larestani–Gulf:
    • Gulf:
      • Bashkardi: [script needed] (yāp), [script needed] (yā), [script needed] (ău)

        Bandari: [script needed] (hü)

      • Kumzari: [script needed] (hau)
    • Larestani: [script needed] (‘aw)
  • Old Persian: [script needed] (āpī[š], nom.sg.), 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (apiya, loc.sg.) (transferrd to i-stem)
    • Middle Persian:

      Manichaean: 𐫀𐫁 (ʾb /⁠āb⁠/)

      Pahlavi: 𐭠𐭯 (ʾp /⁠āp/, /āβ⁠/)

      • Bakhtiari: او (aw)
      • Classical Persian:
        • Hazaragi: aw
        • Iranian Persian: آب (âb)
        • Tajik: об (ob)
        • → Turkish: ab