Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ъlъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Doublet of *-ьlъ. The *-ъ- could reflect either a reduced *-о-, *-u- from u-theme declension, or a hardened variant of *-ьlъ.

Suffix

*-ъlъ m

1. From basic roots, forms diminutive nouns, usually of derogative character. Parallel to Latin -ulus, with regional distribution

   Synonym: *-ъka f, *-ъko n

   *pikъla m, *pikъľo n (“bed-wetter”) ← *pikati (“to urinate”)

   *driskъla m, *driskъľo n (“pantshitter”) ← *driskati (“to defecate”)

   *pьrdъla m, *pьrdъľo n (“farter”) ← *pьrděti (“to break wind”)

   *sьrdъla m, *sьrdъľo n (“brat, one who sulks”) ← *sьrditi (“to get angry, to fuss”)

   *rеvъla m, *rеvъľo n (“cry-baby”) ← *řuti (“to cry, to scream, to roar”)

   *orkъla (“chest”) ← Latin arca (“box”) (Latin loanword)

2. From basic roots, forms tool nouns. Parallel to *-ьlъ

   Synonym: *-dlo

   *sedъlo (“saddle”) / *sědlo (“seat”) ← *sěsti (“to sit down”)

   *metъla (“broom”) ← *mesti (“to sweep, to throw”)

   *migъla (“eyelid”) ← *migati (“to blink”)

   *jьgъla (“needle”) ← *jь̏go (“yoke”)

3. From basic roots, forms deponent resultant nouns (pre-Slavic)

   *pьkъlъ (“hell, pitch”) ← Proto-Indo-European *peyk- (“to carve, to hew”)

   *ǫgъlъ (“angle”) ← Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng- (“to curve”)

   *čeхъlъ (“cap, sleeper, cover”) ← of uncertain origin

Alternative forms

• *-ъlа f, *-ъlо n (for expressive purposes, softened to *-ъľо)
• *-оlъ

Declension

Declension of *-ъlъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ъlъ	*-ъla	*-ъli
genitive	*-ъla	*-ъlu	*-ъlъ
dative	*-ъlu	*-ъloma	*-ъlomъ
accusative	*-ъlъ	*-ъla	*-ъly
instrumental	*-ъlъmь, *-ъlomь*	*-ъloma	*-ъly
locative	*-ъlě	*-ъlu	*-ъlěxъ
vocative	*-ъle	*-ъla	*-ъli

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

See also

• *-lъ
• *-ělь, *-aľь

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ъlъ

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ъla