Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bergъ

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Thought to be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰos, from the root *bʰerǵʰ-. However, the *g found in Slavic is not the expected outcome of PIE *ǵʰ, which would be *z. Therefore, the word may have been borrowed from another language, such as Germanic or a Venetic-Illyrian language.

Noun

*bȇrgъ m[1][2]

  1. hill
    Synonyms: *xъlmъ, *gora
  2. slope, cliff?
  3. bank, shore?, coast?
  4. edge
    Synonym: *krajь

Inflection

Though it is traditionally reconstructed as a hard o-stem, Pronk-Tiethoff suggests that *bergъ was probably a u-stem instead, noting its accentuation and its reflexes found in Russian, e.g. the “second locative” na beregú and the adjective formation beregovój.

Declension of *bȇrgъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *bȇrgъ *bȇrga *bȇrdzi
genitive *bȇrga *bergù *bẽrgъ
dative *bȇrgu *bergomà *bergòmъ
accusative *bȇrgъ *bȇrga *bȇrgy
instrumental *bȇrgъmь, *bȇrgomь* *bergomà *bergý
locative *bȇrdzě *bergù *berdzě̃xъ
vocative *berže *bȇrga *bȇrdzi
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Declension of *bȇrgъ (u-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *bȇrgъ *bȇrgy *bȇrgove
genitive *bȇrgu *bergovù *bergòvъ
dative *bȇrgovi *bergъmà *bȇrgъmъ
accusative *bȇrgъ *bȇrgy *bȇrgy
instrumental *bȇrgъmь *bergъmà *bergъmì
locative *bergú *bergovù *bȇrgъxъ
vocative *bergu *bȇrgy *bȇrgove

See also

Derived terms

Descendants

  • East Slavic:

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  • Non-Slavic:

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “берег”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bȇrgъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 37: “m. o (c) ‘bank’”
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “bergъ -a”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “d (OSA 139f.; PR 137)”
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