Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mьstiti

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

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Per Derksen, cognate with Old Norse missa (“loss, damage”). This is in turn cognate with English mis-, which is normally derived from Proto-Indo-European *mitto (“mutual, reciprocal”), from the root *meyth₂- (“to replace, to exchange, to swap”) (also reconstructed as *meytH-), a root extension of *mey- (“to change, to exchange”). Vasmer adds as cognates many more words from the same root: Latvian mît (“to change”) (1sg. miju), Sanskrit मेथति (méthati, “to alternate”), मिथति (mitháti, “to alternate”), Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬀 (miθa, “false”), 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬡𐬀 (miθβa, “paired”), 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬡𐬀𐬥𐬀 (miθβana, “paired”), Ancient Greek μοῖτος (moîtos, “reward, thanks”), Latin mūtō (“to change”), mūtuus (“mutual, reciprocal”), Old Irish mis-, mith- (“wrong”), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍃𐍉 (missō, “each other”).

Verb

*mьstiti[1]

  1. to avenge, to take vengeance upon

Inflection

Conjugation of *mьstiti, *mьsti, *mьstitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*mьsťenьje *mьstiti *mьstitъ *mьstilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *mьsťenъ *mьstimъ
Active *mьsťь *mьstę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *mьstixъ *mьsti *mьsti *mьsťǫ *mьstiši *mьstitь
Dual *mьstixově *mьstista *mьstiste *mьstivě *mьstita *mьstite
Plural *mьstixomъ *mьstiste *mьstišę *mьstimъ *mьstite *mьstętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *mьsťaaxъ *mьsťaaše *mьsťaaše — *mьsti *mьsti
Dual *mьsťaaxově *mьsťaašeta *mьsťaašete *mьstivě *mьstita —
Plural *mьsťaaxomъ *mьsťaašete *mьsťaaxǫ *mьstimъ *mьstite —
    Notes:
  • (*)*mьstivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Template:mid2

  • *mitusь (“opposite one another”)
  • *mitva (“in turn, alternately?”)

Descendants

Further reading

vol=1 Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “месть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “месть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “мстить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьstiti (sę) I”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 172

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*mьstiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 343: “v. ‘take vengeance, revenge, avenge’”
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