Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xodъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sod-o-, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). The form has initial *x by analogy with derived words beginning with the prefixes *per-, *pri-, *u-, in which *s shifted to *x by the ruki sound law. Cognate with Ancient Greek ὁδός (hodós, “way”).

V. Dybo suggests that the form *xȏdъ is borrowed from Iranian. Since, firstly, from the Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”) is unreasonably phonetic, and secondly, verbs cannot yield valency.

Noun

*xȍdъ m

1. motion, movement

Inflection

Declension of *xȍdъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*xȍdъ	*xȍda	*xȍdi
genitive	*xȍda	*xodù	*xòdъ
dative	*xȍdu	*xodomà	*xodòmъ
accusative	*xȍdъ	*xȍda	*xȍdy
instrumental	*xȍdъmь, *xȍdomь*	*xodomà	*xodý
locative	*xȍdě	*xodù	*xodě̃xъ
vocative	*xode	*xȍda	*xȍdi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *xodakъ
• *xodatajь
• *xodidlo
• *xodislavъ
• *xoditi
• *xodivojь
• *xoďa / *xoďь
• *xoďajь
• *xoďane

• *xoďenьje
• *xodota
• *xodulja
• *xodunъ
• *xodyka
• *xodyni
• *xodьba
• *xodьcь
• *xodьnъ / *xodьna

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ходъ (xodŭ), хода (xoda)
    • Belarusian: ход (xod)
    • Russian: ход (xod), хода (xoda)
    • Ukrainian: хід (xid), хода (xoda)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: ходъ (xodŭ)
  • Bulgarian: ход (hod)
  • Macedonian: од (od)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: хо̑д

    Latin script: hȏd

  • Slovene: hod
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: chod, chodové
    • Czech: chod, chůda
  • Old Polish: chód
    • Polish: chód
  • Slovak: chod
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: chód, choda
    • Lower Sorbian: chód

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xodъ /*xoda”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 08 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 51
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ход”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress