Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/markos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Cognate with Proto-Germanic *marhaz. This is generally reconstructed as being from a Proto-Indo-European *márkos (“horse”), but other theories exist; see that page for further discussion.

Noun

*markos m

1. horse

   Synonyms: *ekʷos, *kaballos, *uɸoreidos

Declension

Masculine o-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*markos	*markou	*markoi
vocative	*marke	*markou	*markoi
accusative	*markom	*markou	*markons
genitive	*markī	*markous	*markom
dative	*markūi	*markobom	*markobos
locative	*markei	*?	*?
instrumental	*markū	*markobim	*markūis

Derived terms

• *markākos (“horseman”)

Descendants

• Brythonic: *marx
  • Old Breton: marh
    • Middle Breton: march
      • Breton: marc'h
  • Old Cornish: march
    • Middle Cornish: margh
      • Cornish: margh
  • Middle Welsh: march
    • Welsh: march
• Old Irish: marc
  • Irish: marc
  • Scottish Gaelic: marc
• Galatian: μάρκαν (márkan)
• Gaulish: markos