Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/marhaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Cognate with Proto-Celtic *markos. This is generally reconstructed as being from Proto-Indo-European *márkos (“horse”), but other theories exist; see that page for further discussion.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmɑr.xɑz/

Noun

*marhaz m

1. horse

   Synonym: *ehwaz

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *marhaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*marhaz	*marhōz, *marhōs
vocative	*marh	*marhōz, *marhōs
accusative	*marhą	*marhanz
genitive	*marhas, *marhis	*marhǫ̂
dative	*marhai	*marhamaz
instrumental	*marhō	*marhamiz

Derived terms

• *marhaskalkaz
• *marhijō

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *marh
  • Old English: mearh, mear
    • Middle English: mearh
      • English: mare
  • Old Frisian: mar
  • Old High German: marh, march, marah
    • Middle High German: marc
      • German: Mähre
• Old Norse: marr
  • Icelandic: mar
• Gothic: *𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌷𐍃 (*marhs)
  • →? Albanian: magar
  • →? Romanian: măgar
• Vandalic: *mar
• → Proto-Finnic: *marha
  • ⇒ Proto-Finnic: *marhaminta (see there for further descendants)