Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fōdijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Orel suggests it's derived from *fōdô (“food”) +‎ *-janą. Kroonen assumes it is a causative verb derived from a lost strong verb *faþaną, from pre-Germanic *ph₂t- a zero-grade present form of Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“protect, guard, graze, feed”) extended with *-t-. Compare Ancient Greek πατέομαι (patéomai, “to eat”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸɔː.ði.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*fōdijaną

1. to feed
2. to give birth

Inflection

Conjugation of *fōdijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fōdijō	*fōdijaų	—	*fōdijai	?
2nd singular	*fōdīsi	*fōdijais	*fōdī	*fōdijasai	*fōdijaisau
3rd singular	*fōdīþi	*fōdijai	*fōdijaþau	*fōdijaþai	*fōdijaiþau
1st dual	*fōdijōs	*fōdijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*fōdijaþiz	*fōdijaiþiz	*fōdijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*fōdijamaz	*fōdijaim	—	*fōdijanþai	*fōdijainþau
2nd plural	*fōdīþ	*fōdijaiþ	*fōdīþ	*fōdijanþai	*fōdijainþau
3rd plural	*fōdijanþi	*fōdijain	*fōdijanþau	*fōdijanþai	*fōdijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fōdidǭ	*fōdidēdį̄
2nd singular	*fōdidēz	*fōdidēdīz
3rd singular	*fōdidē	*fōdidēdī
1st dual	*fōdidēdū	*fōdidēdīw
2nd dual	*fōdidēdudiz	*fōdidēdīdiz
1st plural	*fōdidēdum	*fōdidēdīm
2nd plural	*fōdidēdud	*fōdidēdīd
3rd plural	*fōdidēdun	*fōdidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*fōdijandz	*fōdidaz

Derived terms

• *fōdīniz
• *fōdislą

Related terms

• *fadōną
• *fōdô
• *fōdrą

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *fōdijan
  • Old English: fēdan
    • Middle English: feden
      • Scots: fede, feid
      • English: feed
  • Old Frisian: fēda
    • West Frisian: fiede
  • Old Saxon: fōdian
    • Middle Low German: vö̂den
      • German Low German: föden
  • Old Dutch: *fuoden
    • Middle Dutch: voeden
      • Dutch: voeden
        • Afrikaans: voed
  • Old High German: fuoten
    • Middle High German: vüeten
• Old Norse: fǿða, fꝍða, fœða — alternative spellings, fæða — Iceland only
  • Icelandic: fæða
  • Faroese: føða
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: føda, fø
  • Old Swedish: fø̄þa
    • Swedish: föda
  • Old Danish: føthæ
    • Danish: føde
      • Norwegian Bokmål: føde, fø
• Gothic: 𐍆𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fōdjan)