Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fōdrą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸɔːð.rɑ̃/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect, guard; to graze, feed”) +‎ *-dʰrom or *-tróm, the suffix equivalent to *-drą; or directly from the root of *fōdijaną (“to feed”) and *fōdô (“food”) (including the *d), from an extended form *peh₂-dʰ(h₁)- or *peh₂-t- of the same PIE root, +‎ *-r-om. Cognate with Latin pābulum (“food, fodder”) and possibly pānis (“bread, food”).

Noun

*fōdrą n

2. fodder

Inflection

Declension of *fōdrą (neuter a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	*fōdrą	*fōdrō
vocative	*fōdrą	*fōdrō
accusative	*fōdrą	*fōdrō
genitive	*fōdras, *fōdris	*fōdrǫ̂
dative	*fōdrai	*fōdramaz
instrumental	*fōdrō	*fōdramiz

Derived terms

• *fōdrōną

Related terms

• *fōdijaną
• *fōdô

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *fōdr
  • Old English: fōdor
    • Middle English: fodder, foddre, fodre, foder, fodyr, foddur, voddur
      • English: fodder
      • Middle Scots: foder, fodder, fother, fothir
        • Scots: fother
  • Old Frisian: fōder
    • North Frisian: Fođer, fooder
    • Saterland Frisian: Fodder
    • West Frisian: foer
  • Old Saxon: *fōdar
    • Middle Low German: vōder
  • Old Dutch: *fuodar
    • Dutch: voeder, voer
      • Afrikaans: voer
    • Limburgish: voder, voor
  • Old High German: fuotar
    • Middle High German: vuoter
      • Cimbrian: fuutar
      • German: Futter
      • Luxembourgish: Fudder
  • → Old French: fuerre (see there for further descendants)
• Old Norse: fóðr
  • Icelandic: fóður
  • Faroese: fóður
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: fôr, foder
  • Norwegian Bokmål: fôr
  • Old Swedish: fōþer, ᚠᚮᚦᚽᚱ
    • Swedish: foder
  • Danish: foder
  • → Middle English: fother, foður, fothir, fothyr, futher, fodyr, fooder, foþer, foþere, foðer, voðer, ffoder
    • English: fother
    • Scots: fother

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect, guard, graze, feed”) +‎ *-dʰrom or *-tróm, the suffix equivalent to *-drą; ultimately of the same origin as the "fodder" sense of Etymology 1, via a different semantic evolution from the basic sense of "to protect" rather than "to make protected" > "to feed".

Noun

*fōdrą n

2. sheath

Inflection

Declension of *fōdrą (neuter a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	*fōdrą	*fōdrō
vocative	*fōdrą	*fōdrō
accusative	*fōdrą	*fōdrō
genitive	*fōdras, *fōdris	*fōdrǫ̂
dative	*fōdrai	*fōdramaz
instrumental	*fōdrō	*fōdramiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *fōdr
  • Old English: fōdor
  • Old Dutch: *fuodar
    • Middle Dutch: voeder
      • Dutch: voer
  • Old High German: fuotar
    • Middle High German: vuoter
      • German: Futter
        • → Polish: futro
      • Luxembourgish: Fudder
      • → Venetan: fódro
        • →? Cimbrian: fòdara
    • → Italian: fodero
• Old Norse: fóðr
  • Faroese: fóður (“lining”)
  • Icelandic: fóður
  • Danish: for
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: foder
  • Swedish: foder
• Gothic: 𐍆𐍉𐌳𐍂 (fōdr)
• → Proto-Finnic: *hootra