Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/niþer

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *niþra

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *niter. Compare Sanskrit नितराम् (nitarām, “down, downwards”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈni.θer/

Adverb

*niþer

1. down, downwards

Derived terms

• *niþerōną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *niþer
  • Old English: niþer, nyder
    • Middle English: nithere, nethere, nether
      • English: nether
      • Scots: nether, nedder
  • Old Frisian: nither, nether
    • West Frisian: near
  • Old Saxon: nithar
    • Middle Low German: nider
      • Low German: nedder
  • Old Dutch: nither
    • Middle Dutch: nēder
      • Dutch: neder, neer
        • Afrikaans: neer
  • Old High German: nidar
    • Middle High German: nider, neider
      • German: nieder
      • Hunsrik: nitter
      • Luxembourgish: nidder
      • Vilamovian: nejder
• Old Norse: niðr
  • Icelandic: niður
  • Faroese: niður
  • Norwegian: ned; (dialectal) ner, ni, nid
  • Old Swedish: niþer, niþ, nedher, nedh
    • Swedish: ned, ner, neder
  • Old Danish:
    • Danish: ned
  • Old Gutnish: niþer