Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sóh₂wl̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European[edit]

Alternative reconstructions[edit]

*séh₂wl̥ ~ *sh₂wéns^[1]^[2]
*suh₂él ~ *suh₂éns^[3]
*séh₂wōl ~ *sh₂úns^[4]

Noun[edit]

*sóh₂wl̥ n^[5]

sun

Inflection[edit]

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*sóh₂wl̥
genitive	*sh₂wéns
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sóh₂wl̥	—	—
vocative	*sóh₂wl̥	—	—
accusative	*sóh₂wl̥	—	—
genitive	*sh₂wéns	—	—
ablative	*sh₂wéns	—	—
dative	*sh₂wéney	—	—
locative	sh₂wén, sh₂wéni	—	—
instrumental	*sh₂wénh₁	—	—

Descendants[edit]

*sh₂wél-(i)-yos
- >? Proto-Anatolian: *saweliya-
  - Hittite: 𒀭𒌓𒇷𒄿𒀀 (^DUTU-li-ya)
- Proto-Hellenic: *hāwélios (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Sanskrit: सूर्य (sūrya) (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒? Albanian: diell
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sáuˀlijāˀ (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *súlˀnis
- ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *sъlnьce (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic: *sāwūl, *sūlos (oblique)
- Breton: heol
- Cornish: howl
- Welsh: haul, huan
- Old Irish: súil (“eye”) (< *sūlis)
  - Irish: súil
  - Manx: sooill
  - Scottish Gaelic: sùil
Germanic:
- Proto-Germanic: *sōwulą (< nom.-acc. *sóh₂wl̥) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *sōwulō (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *sugilaz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *swagilaz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *sunnǭ (< oblique *sh₂wén-) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *sunþraz (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *súHar (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Italic: *swōl (see there for further descendants)
Tocharian:
- Tocharian B: swāñco

References[edit]

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 570
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2011) Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction, revised and corrected by Michiel de Vaan, 2nd edition, Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 206
^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 84
^ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, first edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 111
^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 46

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 570

[2] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2011) Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction, revised and corrected by Michiel de Vaan, 2nd edition, Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 206

[3] Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 84

[4] Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, first edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 111

[5] Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 46

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